1. The Use Of Hard Shoulders As A Turning Lane: A Safety Evaluation
By: Taariq Dollie and Marion Sinclair
The Use Of Hard Shoulders As A Turning Lane: A Safety Evaluation

2. Introduction Road congestion increases Increased travel times
Frustrated road users
Finding ways to reduce travel time

3. ADJACENT LANE
TURNING LANE
ROAD SHOULDER

4. Is it safe?
Influential factors?
Road geometrics?
Legislation?

5. Methodology Identified 5 intersections Traffic counts
Speed differentials
Identified conflicts
Methodology

6. Locality Map

7. Results

8. Factors affecting road shoulder usage
Sight distance
Queue length
Speed of the preceding vehicle
Signal timing
Factors affecting road shoulder usage

11. Site Number
Average speed in the shoulder (km/h)
Average speed in the adjacent lane (km/h)
Speed difference (km/h) 1 43 52 9 2 42 37 5 3 51 46 4 63 73 10

12. Site Number
Total number of pedestrians using the road shoulder
Total number of cyclists using the road shoulder
Total number of conflicts at each site 1 9 51 2 10 15 3 35 33 4 5 14

13. Conclusion Initial investigation into this phenomenon
No clear relationship between this phenomenon and the geometrics and traffic conditions
It is likely that this phenomenon is a consequence of human habit
There is a concern for the interaction between motorized and non-motorized transport
Conclusion