1. Chapter 35: Intravenous Medications

2. Intravenous Medication Administration #1
Intravenous (IV) route: administration via peripheral and central veins is immediately effective and the most dangerous
Situations for administering IV meds:
Clients have disorders affecting the absorption or metabolism of drugs
Quick response is needed during an emergency

3. Intravenous Medication Administration #2
Situations for administering IV meds (cont’d):
Blood levels of drugs must be maintained at a consistent therapeutic level
Client wants to avoid repeated painful intramuscular injections
A mechanism is needed to administer drug therapy over a prolonged period, as with cancer

4. Intravenous Medication Administration #3
Continuous administration: continuous drip; adding medication to a large volume
Intermittent administration: short-term parenteral administration of medication
3 types: bolus and secondary administration and volume-control set

5. Intravenous Medication Administration #4
Intermittent administration (cont’d)
Bolus administration: undiluted medication given quickly into a vein
Using an IV port: extends from the IV tubing
Using a medication lock: allows instant access to the venous system

6. Intravenous Medication Administration #5
Intermittent administration (cont’d)
Secondary infusions: administration of a parenteral drug that is diluted in a small volume of IV solution

7. Intravenous Medication Administration #6
Volume-control set: chamber in IV tubing that holds a portion of the solution from a larger container

8. Central Venous Catheters #1
Administer parenteral medication in a large volume of blood when:
Clients require long-term IV fluid
IV medications are irritating to peripheral veins
It is difficult to insert or maintain a peripherally inserted catheter

9. Central Venous Catheters #2
Percutaneous catheters: inserted through the skin in a peripheral vein
Tunneled catheters: inserted into a central vein with part of the catheter secured in the subcutaneous tissue
Implanted catheters: sealed beneath the skin

10. A) The location of a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC)
A) The location of a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC). (B) The location of a percutaneous catheter inserted in the subclavian vein. (C) The location of a percutaneous catheter inserted in the jugular vein. (D) The location of a midline catheter in the basilic vein.

11. A tunneled catheter.
A) The placement of an implanted catheter with access via a port. (B) Noncoring (Huber) needle used to access the port.

13. Central Venous Catheters #3
Medication administration using a CVC: continuous or intermittent infusions may be used
Antineoplastic drugs: medications used to destroy or slow the growth of malignant cells; chemotherapy

14. Question #1 Is the following statement true or false?
The intravenous (IV) route of drug administration is considered the most dangerous route.

15. Answer to Question #1
True. The intravenous (IV) route of drug administration is considered the most dangerous route.

16. Question #2
Which of the following involves the administration of a parenteral drug that has been diluted in a small volume of IV solution?
a. Continuous administration
b. Bolus administration
c. Secondary infusion
d. Volume-control set

17. Answer to Question #2 c. Secondary infusion
Secondary infusion is the administration of parenteral drug that has been diluted in a small volume of IV solution. Bolus administration occurs when a substance is given all at one time. Continuous administration is the instillation of a parenteral drug over several hours. A volume-control set is a chamber that holds a portion of the solution.

18. Question #3 Is the following statement true or false?
Antineoplastic agents are toxic only to abnormal cells.

19. Answer to Question #3
False. Antineoplastic agents are toxic to normal and abnormal cells.