Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Lab 2 The Cell—Anatomy and Division, Transport Mechanisms and Cell Permeability G.R. Pitts, Ph.D., J.R. Schiller, Ph.D. & Amy L. Thompson, Ph.D.

Published byRosanna Horton Modified over 5 years ago

Similar presentations

Presentation on theme: "Lab 2 The Cell—Anatomy and Division, Transport Mechanisms and Cell Permeability G.R. Pitts, Ph.D., J.R. Schiller, Ph.D. & Amy L. Thompson, Ph.D."— Presentation transcript:

1 Lab 2 The Cell—Anatomy and Division, Transport Mechanisms and Cell Permeability G.R. Pitts, Ph.D., J.R. Schiller, Ph.D. & Amy L. Thompson, Ph.D.

2 Lab 2 Activities Identify cells and their organelles on a slide, diagrams, and models Identify stages of mitosis on slides and diagrams, and events of each stage Understand diffusion and osmosis (wet lab-set this up first!) Complete PhysioEx® 9.1 Exercise 1: Cell Transport Mechanisms and Permeability (computer simulations of diffusion and osmosis) Activities 1 & 3

3 Cells and Their Organelles
Nucleus Plasma membrane Cytoplasm all cellular contents between plasma membrane and nucleus organelles = specialized internal structures

4 The Nucleus Cell’s control center Usually visible Nuclear envelope
double membrane nuclear pores in membrane allow passage of substances between cytoplasm and nucleus Contains the hereditary material = DNA carries instructions for making proteins determines cell structure, coordinates activities of the cell

5 The Nucleolus (pl. nucleoli)
Darker staining, oval/spherical bodies within the nucleus Clusters of DNA, RNA, and protein Site of ribosome assembly

6 Membrane Chemistry and Anatomy
50-50 weight ratio: lipid/protein More lipid molecules than protein molecules because of proteins’ larger sizes Membrane lipids Phospholipids 75% Glycolipids % Cholesterol %

7 Membrane Proteins Determine the functions a cell can perform
Composition varies widely among cell types Integral proteins – located within the membrane channels transporters receptors intercellular junctions enzymes cytoskeleton anchors cell identity markers Peripheral proteins – similar list of functions Located on either face of membrane

8 Glycocalyx The collective glycolipids and glycoproteins of membrane
Function as cell identity markers

9 Organelles of the Cytoplasm
Mitochondria Ribosomes Rough endoplasmic reticulum = Rough ER Smooth endoplasmic reticulum = Smooth ER Golgi apparatus Lysosomes Peroxisomes Nucleus Nucleoli cytoskeleton Be able to identify these structures and their functions on models and figures!

10 Simple Diffusion Diffusion through the plasma membrane
selective permeability water and lipid-soluble molecules move freely through membrane small non-lipid-soluble substances may move through specific channels

11 Factors Affecting Diffusion
Increased temperature increases diffusion rate Greater concentration gradients increase diffusion rate Larger surface area increases diffusion rate Smaller particles diffuse faster (faster rate) Time: more time = more diffusion (all other factors being equal)

12 Osmosis Osmosis is the movement of water from an area of higher [H2O] to an area of lower [H2O] across a selectively permeable membrane osmotic pressure (σ) – a measure of the potential energy of the concentration gradient hydrostatic pressure (h) = pressure of fluid in a system h σ

13 Solution Tonicity Isotonic solution Hypertonic solution
[solutes] inside cells = [solutes] outside cells no net movement of water, e.g., “normal” saline solution Hypertonic solution [solutes] outside cells > [solutes] inside cells water moves out of cells, cells shrink (crenate) Hypotonic solution [solutes] outside cells < [solutes] inside cells water moves into cells, cells swell, may rupture

14 A Quick Look at Some Organelles Under the Microscope
Simple Squamous Epithelium Approx. 400X 100X © Lisa A. Caviness

15 Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium
Trachea 100X

16 Pseudostratified Columnar Epi.
Approx. 400X

17 Ciliated Columnar Epithelium from Oviduct
100X 40X 400X 400X © Lisa A. Caviness

18 The Cell Cycle Interphase Mitosis = nuclear division
Normal cell growth Three phases G1 growth protein replication S (“synthesis” of DNA) preparing for division DNA replication G2 further preparation enzymes, proteins for mitosis Mitosis = nuclear division

19 Mitosis in Whitefish Embryo
40X 100X © Lisa A. Caviness © Lisa A. Caviness 400X

20 Stages of Mitosis: PMAT
Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase 400X A M T P P

21 PhysioEx 9.1 You May Run PhysioEx at home or in lab
Exercise 1: Cell Transport Mechanisms and Permeability Activity 1: Simulating Dialysis (Simple Diffusion) Activity 3: Simulating Osmotic Pressure Note: Print the data tables you generate so you can turn them in with your lab report!

22

23

24 End Lab 2 Presentation

Download ppt "Lab 2 The Cell—Anatomy and Division, Transport Mechanisms and Cell Permeability G.R. Pitts, Ph.D., J.R. Schiller, Ph.D. & Amy L. Thompson, Ph.D."

Similar presentations

Types of Cell Prokaryotes  single-celled organisms  Lack any detectable internal compartments  Escherichia coli – the most thoroughly studied organism.

Types of Cell Prokaryotes  single-celled organisms  Lack any detectable internal compartments  Escherichia coli – the most thoroughly studied organism.
The 3 Basic Parts of all Cells 1.Plasma Membrane 2.Cytoplasm 3.Nucleus or Nuclear Area.

The 3 Basic Parts of all Cells 1.Plasma Membrane 2.Cytoplasm 3.Nucleus or Nuclear Area.
Cell Unit Learning Goal 2: Describe cell organelles and their functions within the cell.

Cell Unit Learning Goal 2: Describe cell organelles and their functions within the cell.
Structure of a Generalized Cell -plasma membrane -cytoplasm: cytosol organelles -nucleus BIO130 Lab 2 Exercise 4 The Cell: Anatomy.

Structure of a Generalized Cell -plasma membrane -cytoplasm: cytosol organelles -nucleus BIO130 Lab 2 Exercise 4 The Cell: Anatomy.
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Generalized Cell Human cells have three basic parts: Plasma membrane—flexible outer boundary Cytoplasm—intracellular.

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Generalized Cell Human cells have three basic parts: Plasma membrane—flexible outer boundary Cytoplasm—intracellular.
Transport through plasma membrane Physiology -I PHL 215 PHL 215 Dr/Gamal Gabr Pharmacy College Pharmacy College 1.

Transport through plasma membrane Physiology -I PHL 215 PHL 215 Dr/Gamal Gabr Pharmacy College Pharmacy College 1.
This will serve as a review of the parts of the cell. This also has the notes for the sections in chapter 3 discussed in class on diffusion and osmosis.

This will serve as a review of the parts of the cell. This also has the notes for the sections in chapter 3 discussed in class on diffusion and osmosis.
CYTOLOGY Biology 221 Cellular Physiology. CELLULAR ACTIVITIES Transport systems – Movement within cells or across cell membranes The Cell Cycle –Activities.

CYTOLOGY Biology 221 Cellular Physiology. CELLULAR ACTIVITIES Transport systems – Movement within cells or across cell membranes The Cell Cycle –Activities.
The Cellular Level of Organization A. A. Generalized animal cell A. B. B. Plasma (cell) membrane B. 1. Membrane chemistry and anatomy 1. Membrane chemistry.

The Cellular Level of Organization A. A. Generalized animal cell A. B. B. Plasma (cell) membrane B. 1. Membrane chemistry and anatomy 1. Membrane chemistry.
Cells and Tissues A&P Unit II.  Modern cell theory incorporates several basic concepts  Cells are the building blocks of all plants and animals  Cells.

Cells and Tissues A&P Unit II.  Modern cell theory incorporates several basic concepts  Cells are the building blocks of all plants and animals  Cells.
Cell Structure and Function Chapter 3. Cells Smallest living unit Most are microscopic.

Cell Structure and Function Chapter 3. Cells Smallest living unit Most are microscopic.
Centrioles Pairs of microtubular structures Play a role in cell division.

Centrioles Pairs of microtubular structures Play a role in cell division.
Diffusion The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low. concentration.

Diffusion The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low. concentration.
Cell Theory The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life Organismal activity.

Cell Theory The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life Organismal activity.
Cells Chapter 3. Humans have about 75-100 trillion cells They vary in shape and size Shape & size--closely related to function.

Cells Chapter 3. Humans have about trillion cells They vary in shape and size Shape & size--closely related to function.
Cell Structure and Function - Review Cell “plasma” Membrane Nucleus Mitochondrion Endoplasmic reticulum Golgi Body Lysosome ribosomes cytoplasm cytoskeleton.

Cell Structure and Function - Review Cell “plasma” Membrane Nucleus Mitochondrion Endoplasmic reticulum Golgi Body Lysosome ribosomes cytoplasm cytoskeleton.
Chap 3 Cells and their functions

Chap 3 Cells and their functions
Jeopardy $100 Cells Vocabulary Phases of Mitosis Molecular Movement Organelles 1Organelles 2 $200 $300 $400 $500 $400 $300 $200 $100 $500 $400 $300 $200.

Jeopardy $100 Cells Vocabulary Phases of Mitosis Molecular Movement Organelles 1Organelles 2 $200 $300 $400 $500 $400 $300 $200 $100 $500 $400 $300 $200.
THIS IS A STUDY GUIDE, NOT AN ALL INCLUSIVE REVIEW. THERE MIGHT BE THINGS NOT COVERED BY THIS STUDY GUIDE THAT MIGHT BE ASKED IN YOUR QUIZZES and PRACTICAL.

THIS IS A STUDY GUIDE, NOT AN ALL INCLUSIVE REVIEW. THERE MIGHT BE THINGS NOT COVERED BY THIS STUDY GUIDE THAT MIGHT BE ASKED IN YOUR QUIZZES and PRACTICAL.
 Smallest unit of all living things  Composed of organelles  Each organelle performs specific jobs so the cell can do it’s job.

 Smallest unit of all living things  Composed of organelles  Each organelle performs specific jobs so the cell can do it’s job.

Similar presentations

Ads by Google