1. Introduction about sociology

2. Society
A society is a population of humans characterized by patterns of relationships between individuals that share a distinctive culture and/or institutions. More broadly, a society is an economic, social and industrial infrastructure in which a varied multitude of people are a part. Edward Westermarck says that’ “ Society is the association of a group of people living through mutual co-operation.”

3. Sociology
Sociology is the study of social rules and processes that bind and separate people not only as individuals, but as members of voluntary associations, professional bodies, groups, and institutions.
In fact, sociology is the systematic study of social behavior and human groups. It focuses primarily on the influence of social relationships upon people’s attitude and behavior and on how societies are established and changed.

4. Industry
Industry is the process of producing something with a view to earning profit. However, it is ordinarily viewed as the work of creating “form utility”
According to P. Gisbert,
“Industry may be defined as the application of complex and sophisticated methods to the production of economic goods and services.”

5. Industrial sociology
The industrial revolution that took place in England in the 18th century changed the course of human history. Agricultural economy turned into industrial economy. Industrial area developed into towns and cities. The process of urbanization began. Capitalized economy was born. Social institutions and values under went changes. The very face of the society changed. These developments necessitated the birth of a new branch called industrial sociology.
Dilbert C. Miller and William H. Form says that,
“Industrial sociology is the study of the broad process of industrialization and its impact on various segments of the society by the application of general sociological principle.”

6. Nature/Characteristics of sociology

7. Branches of sociology 1. Historical sociology: 2. Sociology of law:
The term historical sociology is usually applied to the study of social facts which are more than 50 or so years old.
2. Sociology of law:
It looks at law and legal systems as a part of sociology. It records law as one means of social control.
3. Sociology of education:
It concentrates on educational system or subsystem or individual school or college.
4. Sociology of occupation:
It deals with the problems of existing all the occupational structure and particular occupation associate with other segments of society like the family, the economy, educational system, political system etc.

8. 5. Sociology of religion:
As a particular branch of sociology, sociology of religion has now emerged in order to analyze the religions behavior or man from a sociological part of view.
6. Rural sociology:
It is specialize the top sociologsy of village or rural society.
7. Urban sociology:
The existing citizens of the world are growing today but also new cities are emerging. Urban sociology is born to study cities and their growth.
8. Industrial sociology

9. Tasks/Functions of Industrial Sociology
Select and study of industrial social elements; even when they are combined or interacting with other realities.
Interpret the relationship that exists between industry and society.
Study and illustrate the nature of organizational behaviors at work.
Develop theories to explain formal or informal behavior of working people in industry.

10. 5. Explain the impact and consequences of industry on society and vice versa.
6. Build a body of principles, the application of which transcends to particular organization.
7. Aid in the creation of more equitable legislation, more efficient production for more effective handling of industrial situations.
8. Level of theories that explain formal and informal behavior of working people in industry.

11. Significance or Importance of Industrial Sociology
Industrial sociology is of great practical importance as described below:
Industrial sociology has been of great help in finding solutions too many of the industrial disputes and instances of industrial unrest.
It has reduced the gap between industrial management and industrial workers. It has also helped both to develop friendly relations.
Industrial sociology has stressed upon the important role of trade unions in the settlement of industrial disputes.
It has thrown light upon the problems of industrial workers. It has suggested ways and means of improving the living conditions of workers.
Various industrial sociological studies has impressed upon the management and the government, the need to undertake social security measure for promoting labour welfare.
Industrial sociology plays a vital role in contributing to plan industrial growth.

12. Scope of industrial sociology
Industrial sociology studies industrial organizations not as a technological or economical organization but more than that, as a social or human organization.
It stresses upon the social or interactional factors in industrial relations, formal and informal organization, team work, communication etc.
Thus IS deals with the total organization for the workplace.
It also deals with three different organizations which are distinguishable but interrelated:
Management organization
Informal organization of workers and
Union organization

13. Existed social relations in industry
Industry is thought to be a social organization devoted to the production and marketing of goods and services.
Therefore, sociology is especially concerned with the social relations of industry and their bearing on industrial phenomena as productivity, functional authority, job satisfaction, motivation etc. This social relations may be internal and external.

14. Existed social relations in industry
A. Internal
Formal
Informal
Mixed
B. External
Community
Other firms
Customers
Society
Governments etc.
Educational bodies
Organizational
Statutory
Individual
Group
Socio -functional
“Industrial Relations”

15. A. Internal relations:
Internal relations are those relations existing within industry itself whether they concerned management, workers or both.
i) Formal: Formal organizations relations are those immediately arising from the performance of one’s approved duties which may be managerial or operational. Another kind of formal relations may be called statutory or sanctioned by law or custom as those implied in collective bargaining.
Ii) Informal: Informal relations are those that spontaneously arise everywhere in industry.

16. Iii) Mixed: in industrial sociology this relationships are known as socio-functional relationships. Socio-functional relationships mostly occurred in the performance of one’s duties.
B. External Relations:
External relations are those that exist between industry or firm and other external bodies as persons, institutions and societies, as the public, customers, government, the community in which the firm operates the banks, schools and other organizations with which the firm has dealings.