1. THE SPANISH CIVIL WAR

2. SUPPORTERS AND FORCES REPUBLICANOS SUBLEVADOS O “NACIONALES”
Workers, peasants without land
The Republican Govern with the Popular Front. Unión Republicana, Izquierda Republicana
Constitutionals, democrats
Left-Wing parties: PSOE, PCE, anarchist, POUM, CNT, Labour Movements. Some nationalist (Ezquerra and PNV)
- Defended the legitimacy of the Republic
SUBLEVADOS O “NACIONALES”
Conservative militars.
The african army (elite)
Monarchicals
Catholics
Falangists
Carlist
Affected by the republican reforms
Inspired by the fascism, self-named nacionales.

3. MILITAR FORCES

4. VOLUNTEERS

5. INTERNATIONAL SUPPORT FOR EACH SIDE
THE NON-INTERVENTION COMMITTEE
France and Britain proclaimed their neutrality despite they recognized the legitimy republican govern.
SUPPORT FOR THE REPUBLIC
URSS was the only country that supported the Republic. Support with weapons, tanks and aircrafts.
The International Brigades: Almost 60,000 volunteers from 50 different countries who came to fight the fascism.
SUPPORT FOR THE NATIONALIST
FASCIST ITALY: They italian fascism sent supplies and soldiers.
NAZI GERMANY: Sent trainers, and experimented with weapons. The Condor Legion (elite aviation) was very relevant.
PORTUGAL: Under a military dictatorship

6. INTERNATIONAL SUPPORT FOR EACH SIDE

7. SIDES DURING THE WAR THE NATIONALIST REBELS
Milarily organised. The Board of National Defence appointed Franco as the head of the new government. Militar Hierachy
Better equiped and trained. African army
A single party (FET and JONS)
Burgos: provisional capital city
Catholicism as the state religion
Fascist organisation

8. SIDES DURING THE WAR THE REPUBLIC THE SOCIAL REVOLUTION
Divided at the beggining. Army organised in workers committees
Some radical trade unions (CNT-FAI, UGT) wanted a revolution
The Popular Army was created to concéntrate on winning the war
Presidents: José Giral, Largo Caballero and Juan Negrin
THE SOCIAL REVOLUTION
Some radicals on the left wanted a social revolution.
COLECTIVISATION OF THE ECONOMY
Some radicals imposed a collectivisation of production and abolition of private property. Expropiated lands, peasants communes were created.
B. THE MILITIAS
Voluntary civilian forces who defended the Republic. During 1936 remained outside the authority of the government.
C. WOMEN
On the republican side participated on equal terms than men. They were militians, workers, peasants,…

9. MILITARY STAGES https://www. slideshare
1. ADVANCE TO MADRID
(August 36 – March 37)
“Nacionales” advance from Seville through Extremadura, Toledo and atack Madrid. Madrid resisted the atack.
Battles: Jarama and Guadalajara. The Alcazar besieged.

10. MILITARY STAGES 2. THE BATTLE OF THE NORTH (April 37 – October 37)
- Franco’s army bombed cities on the Cantabrian coast.
- The German Condor Legion bombed Guernica (Biscay)
Republican offensive:
- Battle Belchite (Zaragoza)
- Battle Brunete (Madrid)
Fall of Cantabria, Asturias, Basque Country.

11. MILITARY STAGES 3. BATTLE OF THE EBRO – END OF THE WAR
(January 38 – April 39)
- Feb. 38: “Nacionales” occupied Teruel.
- Republican reaction: Battle of the Ebro (Jul-Oct. 38). Reconquest Teruel.
- Fall of Republicans: Franco conquest Catalonia, arrived to Mediterranean.
- April, the 1st: End of the Conflict

12. CONSEQUENCES OF THE WAR
DEMOGRAPHIC:
500,000 deaths
400,000 exiled in 1939
Repression:
Republican Area: uncontrolled. Around 50,000 killed. From and erradicated in 1937
Nationalist Area: institutionalised. Aim to terrorise population, and prevent dissention. 100,000 killed + 50,000 after the war. 270,000 enjailed.
FUSILADOS - ZARAGOZA

13. CONSEQUENCES OF THE WAR
ECONOMIC:
Destruction of infraestructures
Agricultural and Industrial production decrease
GDP recuperated in the 1950s
Destruction of 250,000 houses
Spain indebted.
Gold reserves lost.
1940s: Hunger years

14. CONSEQUENCES OF THE WAR
POLITICAL:
Destruction of democracy
Dictatorship established: 40 years of Franquismo
SOCIAL:
Lost of rights for the workers
Social distinction between winners and defeats.
Repression
Franco opposed reconciliation

15. CONCENTRATION CAMPS

16. CONSEQUENCES OF THE WAR
POLITICAL:
Destruction of democracy
Dictatorship established: 40 years of Franquismo
SOCIAL:
Lost of rights for the workers
Social distinction between winners and defeats.
Repression
Franco opposed reconciliation