1. Reasonable Suspicion and the Role of the Supervisor or Manager
Carolyn Lamparella, LPC or

3. Frequent Flyer Drug Seeker Weak Selfish They don’t want to stop It’s their choice

4. Alcohol Use Disorder and Illicit Drug Use Disorder in the Past Year among People Aged 12 or Older with a Past Year Substance Use Disorder (SUD): 2017
FFR1.40
2017 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH).

5. FFR1.07
Past Month Binge and Heavy Alcohol Use among People Aged 12 or Older, by Age Group: Percentages, 2017
Note: Since 2015, the threshold for determining binge alcohol use for males is consuming five or more drinks on an occasion and for females is consuming four or more drinks on an occasion.
2017 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH).

6. Numbers of Past Month Illicit Drug Users among People Aged 12 or Older: 2017
FFR1.11
Note: The estimated numbers of current users of different illicit drugs are not mutually exclusive because people could have used or misused more than one type of illicit drug in the past month.
2017 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH).

7. FFR1.13
Past Month Marijuana Use among People Aged 12 or Older, by Age Group: Percentages,
2017 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH).

8. Past Month Prescription Psychotherapeutic Misuse among People Aged 12 or Older, by Age Group: Percentages, 2017
FFR1.15
2017 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH).

9. FFR1.41
Substance Use Disorder in the Past Year among People Aged 12 or Older, by Age Group: 2017
2017 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH).

10. (2009) Substance use, symptoms, and employment outcomes of persons with a workplace mandate for chemical dependency treatment. Psychiatric Services, 60(5),

11. Substance Use Disorder
Recurrent use Causes significant impairment Health problems or disability Failure to meet major responsibilities

12. Alcohol misuse 2 + drinks/ day for men; 1+ for women Binge drinking 5+ drinks during a single occasion for men 4+ drinks for women
Alcohol misuse is associated with high costs to employers including absenteeism, decreased productivity, turnover, accidents, and increased health care costs.
Dr. Jeffrey Wiese medical professor at the Univ. of California: In the medical community we tend to focus on alcoholics. But that’s a very small number of people whereas being hung over is a common thing. His research appeared in the Annals of Internal Medicine in 2000.
Although hangovers might be considered trivial it has substantial economic consequences.
In the workplace the greatest cost incurred by alcohol is the decreased productivity of affected employees as a result of hangover related absenteeism and poor job performance.
researchers also found that people with hangovers posed a danger to themselves and others long after their blood alcohol levels had returned to normal suggesting that hangovers could be more insidious than actual inebriation.

13. Standard Drink Size

14. Alcoholism
Chronic disease Observable withdrawal symptoms Loss of control or alcohol tolerance Progressive disease Risk of death without intervention
1. Symptoms are found in relationship problems, financial, health, job problems, accidents, & legal.
2. According to NADCI statistics alcohol and drug users are far less productive, use three times as many sick days, are more likely to injure themselves or someone else, are five times more likely to file worker’s compensation claims.

15. Working Partners for an Alcohol & Drug Free Workplace
Addiction
The irresistible compulsion to use alcohol or drugs despite adverse consequences
Working Partners for an Alcohol & Drug Free Workplace

16. Suspicion of alcohol or drug use based on specific observations of
Reasonable Suspicion
Suspicion of alcohol or drug use based on specific observations of
Behavior
Appearance
Speech
Body Odors

17. Supervisor Role
Observe Performance Document Changes Confront Abuse Determine “Reasonable Suspicion”

18. NOT Supervisor’s Role
Diagnose Provide counseling Act as a police officer

19. Physical signs of opiate abuse
Noticeable elation/euphoria Marked sedation/drowsiness Confusion Constricted pupils Slowed breathing Nodding off or loss of consciousness Constipation

20. Other signs of opiate abuse
Doctor shopping Pill bottles turning up in the trash Social withdrawal and isolation Sudden financial problems Shifting or dramatically changing moods.

21. Withdrawal symptoms can mimic flu symptoms
Headache
Nausea and vomiting
Diarrhea
Sweating
Fatigue
Anxiety
Inability to sleep

22. Key is to Observe Change
Physical appearance Personality Behavior

23. Inadequate Job Performance
Warning Signs
Absenteeism
Carelessness
Inadequate Job Performance
Poor Co-Worker Relationships
Mood Changes

24. Physical
Change in Appearance Poor physical coordination Fatigue Bloodshot /dilated/constricted pupils Needle “tracks” or marks Slurred Speech Chronically inflamed nostrils, runny nose

25. Know your substance abuse policy
Be able to answer “What happens if I refuse to take the test?” “What if the test result is positive?” “Is there a program available to help me?”

26. Supervisor’s Tasks
Receive complaints Observe the employee Remove the employee from safety sensitive areas Document observations Assess the situation Meet with the employee

27. Supervisor’s Tasks
Prepare transportation Send the employee for testing Wait for test results Respond to employees refusal to take the test Respond to negative test results Respond to positive test results

28. Be Prepared Be Straightforward Maintain Confidentiality

29. Focus on Job Performance Don’t judge, diagnose or counsel

30. Offer resources

31. Follow-Up

32. Employee Assistance Services (EAP)
D&A assessment by Substance Abuse Professional Treatment Recommendations and follow-up Records are separate Confidential

33. After Return to Work
Provide continual feedback Give employee time to adjust Show respect for employee’s privacy Provide open line of communication Renew corrective action if old behavior reappears