1. Chapter 8
Lesson 2 The Skeletal System
Bellringer
Identify areas of your body where joints allow movement of your skeleton.
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2. Chapter 8 Objectives Describe the functions of the skeletal system.
Lesson 2 The Skeletal System
Objectives
Describe the functions of the skeletal system.
Explain how the skeletal system changes with age.
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3. Chapter 8 Start Off Write How do bones help your body?
Lesson 2 The Skeletal System
Start Off Write
How do bones help your body?
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4. Chapter 8 Bones and Joints
Lesson 2 The Skeletal System
Bones and Joints
Bones A bone is an organ of the skeletal system. Bones are hard because they store minerals.
Bone Marrow Inside a bone is soft tissue called bone marrow. Bone marrow makes blood cells for the body.
Joints A joint is a place where two or more bones meet.
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5. Chapter 8 Lesson 2 The Skeletal System
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6. Bone and Joint Development
Chapter 8
Lesson 2 The Skeletal System
Bone and Joint Development
Cartilage Before birth, most of the bones in a baby’s body are made of cartilage. Cartilage is a soft, flexible tissue.
Bone Formation Cartilage starts changing to bone before a baby is born. The soft tissue hardens and becomes bone tissue as minerals, such as calcium, build up in the bone. This change is not finished until a person is around 18 years old.
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7. Chapter 8
Lesson 3 The Muscular System
Journal /4/14
Make a list of places in your body where your muscles are constantly at work.
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8. Chapter 8 Objectives Describe the three different types of muscle.
Lesson 3 The Muscular System
Objectives
Describe the three different types of muscle.
Explain the three different types of muscle.
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9. Chapter 8 Start Off Write Why do muscles work in pairs?
Lesson 3 The Muscular System
Start Off Write
Why do muscles work in pairs?
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10. Chapter 8 Many Kinds of Muscles
Lesson 3 The Muscular System
Many Kinds of Muscles
Skeletal Muscle Skeletal muscle is muscle that is attached to bones.
Smooth Muscle Smooth muscle is muscle that forms some internal organs.
Cardiac Muscle Cardiac muscle is muscle that forms the heart.
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11. Chapter 8 Lesson 3 The Muscular System
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12. Chapter 8 Muscles and Movement
Lesson 3 The Muscular System
Muscles and Movement
How Muscles Move Bones When skeletal muscles contract, they pull on bones. When a muscle contracts, its two ends are pulled towards its center. If the two ends are attached to different bones, the bones are pulled towards each other.
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13. Chapter 8
Lesson 3 The Muscular System
Muscles work in pairs. Here, the biceps and triceps move the bones of the arm by pulling them in opposite directions.
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14. Chapter 8
Lesson 4 The Digestive System
Bellringer
List the organs that make up your digestive system.
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15. Chapter 8 Objectives Explain how the body uses food.
Lesson 4 The Digestive System
Objectives
Explain how the body uses food.
Explain four ways that the body releases waste products.
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16. Chapter 8 Start Off Write Why do people need food?
Lesson 4 The Digestive System
Start Off Write
Why do people need food?
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17. Chapter 8 Food and Nutrients
Lesson 4 The Digestive System
Food and Nutrients
What Is Digestion? Digestion is the process of breaking down food into a form your body can use.
What Are Nutrients? Nutrients are substances in food that the body needs to work properly.
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18. Chapter 8 Lesson 4 The Digestive System
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19. Chapter 8
Lesson 4 The Digestive System
Solid Waste
The Large Intestine and Food Material The large intestine absorbs water and salts from the remaining food material. The parts of food that the body cannot use become solid waste.
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20. Nondigestive Waste Removal
Chapter 8
Lesson 4 The Digestive System
Nondigestive Waste Removal
The Kidneys The kidneys mix wastes with water to form urine. Urine is released from the body by the urinary system.
The Lungs Carbon dioxide is released from the body when you breathe.
The Skin Sweat glands in the skin remove salt and water by sweating.
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21. “The human body is a machine which winds its own springs.”
Quote of the Day
“The human body is a machine which winds its own springs.”
—Julien Offroy de la Mettrie,
L’Homme Machine
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