1. Matter and Change
Unit 1

2. Matter Matter- anything that takes up space & has mass
Properties of Matter (Substance)
Mass: amount of matter an object contains
Physical property: quality of a substance that can be seen or measured without changing the substance’s composition, can be used to identify a substance.
Color Density
Solubility (ability to dissolve) Melting point
Odor Boiling point
Hardness

3. density = mass/Volume
d = m/V
See examples on separate page.

4. Physical Properties of Matter- States of Matter
Solid:
matter that has definite volume & shape
Particles vibrate around a fixed position
Liquid:
matter that flows
has definite volume, not shape
Gas:
matter that has no definite volume or shape, takes the shape & volume of its container
Moves freely and randomly
Plasma:
high temperature state where the electrons are pulled away from the nucleus of the atom, called ionized gas
Moves freely and randomly

5. States of Matter- What state of matter is represented by each picture?

6. Physical Changes
A change in matter that does NOT change the composition of the substance
Melting/ Freezing
Boiling/ Condensing
CHANGING STATES OF
MATTER IS A PHYSICAL
CHANGE!!!
Dissolving
Break/ Cut/ Tear
Grind/ Crush

7. Chemical Change
A change in which one or more substances is changed into a different substance, something new is formed.
A chemical reaction

8. Examples
Burn/ explode
Rot/ decompose
Ferment
Digest
Corrode/ rust

9. Chemical Properties
Ability of a substance to undergo a chemical reaction and form something new
Flammability/ Immflamability
Reactivity
Oxidation
Acidity/ Basicity

10. Mixtures: physical blend of 2 or more substances
Heterogeneous mixture: not uniform in composition, can easily distinguish separate components
Homogeneous mixture: uniform in composition, cannot see each separate component

11. Solutions: Some Terms to Know
Solute: the stuff that gets dissolved
Solvent: the stuff doing the dissolving

12. Another Name for Homogeneous Mixture → Solutions
Types of Solutions (solute-solvent)
Gas-Gas: air (CO2 in N2)
Liquid-Gas: water vapor in air
Gas-Liquid: CO2 in soda
Liquid-Liquid: vinegar (acetic acid in water)
Solid-Liquid: salt water
Solid-Solid: sterling silver (copper in silver)

13. Separating a Mixture
1. Physically removing pieces

14. Separating a Mixture
Distillation: a liquid is boiled to produce a vapor that is then condensed again to a liquid. Based on a mixture of 2 liquids that have different boiling points.

15. Separating a Mixture
Chromatography: used to separate a mixture in which the components or pigments are 2 or more different colors.