1. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION UNIVERSITY CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT-MASTERS GROUP 8 PRESENTAION -02/10/2017.

2. TOPIC: CURRICULUM AND INCLUSIVE EDUCATION
SUCESSES OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION
CHALLENGES OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION
CURRICULUM
DEFINITION OF CONCEPTS:
The word curriculum began as a Latin word which means “race” or course of a “race”. The first known use in an educational context was in the work done by professor Petrus Ramus published posthumously in Some scholars have stated that, “the word’s origins appear closely linked to the Calvinist desire to bring greater order to education. (Braslavsky, C.2003)

3. DEFINITION OF CURRICULUM
Kerr defines curriculum as, "All the learning which is planned and guided by the school, whether it is carried on in groups or individually, inside or outside of school."
Braslavsky states that, curriculum is an agreement among communities, educational professionals, and the State on what learners should take on during specific periods of their lives. Furthermore, the curriculum defines "why, what, when, where, how, and with whom to learn." (Braslavsky, C.2003)
Outlines the skills, performances, attitudes, and values pupils are expected to learn from schooling. It includes statements of desired pupil outcomes, descriptions of materials, and the planned sequence that will be used to help pupils attain the outcomes (Kelly, A.V 2009).

4. INCLUSIVE EDUCATION:
Inclusive education can be defined as a shift of emphasis on the task of persons providing educational services to make sure that the educational settings are made to accommodate learners with special education needs fit themselves into the ;general classroom setting. This includes a consideration of overall organization, curriculum and classroom practice, support for learning and staff development( Ainscow, 1977 in Mitiku et.al. 2014)
Inclusive education also means different and diverse students learning

5. INCLUSIVE CURRICULUM:
This is an adapted curriculum that has been designed to accommodate and address the diverse needs of learners with special education needs in a regular classroom setting through increasing participation in learning
This curriculum has components that relate to placement, retention, progression, practical lessons and group work
It also involves a range of changes and modifications in content, approaches, structure and strategies with a common vision which covers all learners with special education needs (UNESCO, 2005)
Such a curriculum content should be flexible and relevant to offer optimal opportunities for development

6. SUCCESSES OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION CURRICULUM
Provision of better quality of education for all children
Being instrumental in changing discriminatory attitudes among people
Promotes development of social relations and interactions among learners which result in cooperate learning. This is beneficial to learners with SEN
Enables learners develop a positive understanding of themselves and others
There is a development of friendship which result into team work or team teaching
Learners with SEN learn important academic skills from the able-bodied
All learners learn by being together
Provides learner with SEN n opportunity or access to same kind of materials and same time with the non-disabled

7. CHALLENGES OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION CURRICULUM
Negative attitude by the community due to limited understanding of the
Disabilities
Lack of commitment by some teachers especially those not trained in special education to carry out activities contained in the curriculum
Lack of trained teachers in special education who can easily interpret issues pertaining special education
Poor physical learning environment. The absence of adequate well maintained classrooms may hinder effective teaching-learning process
Inability of instructional materials and assistive devices

8. DEVELOPING AN INCLUSIVE CURRICULUM:
The following should be considered:
Understanding the social and cultural aspects of the target population
Consider the type of methods, approaches and strategies that should be include in the curriculum
Consider the type of assessment to be included in the curriculum
Consideration of which kind of relevant educational material to be included in the curriculum
Incorporating a consortium of stakeholders to provide vital information. Parents of learners with SEN should be included

9. REFERENCES:
Braslausky, C. (2003). The Curriculum: retrived from Wikipedia 2017/09/17
Kelly, A.V (2009). The Curriculum: Theory and Practice. C.A Sage: New Bury Park
Mitiku, W, Alemu, Y and Mengsitu, S (2014). Challenges and Opportunities to Implement Inclusive Education. Asian Journal of Humanity, Art and Literature,
UNESCO (2005).Guidelines for Inclusion. Ensuring Access to Education for All. Paris

10. GROUP MEMBERS:
DENIS MULENGA SIN No
EDITH KAYUWA SIN No
MARGARET TEMBO SIN No
CATHERINE KANGWA SIN No
THE END, THANK YOU!