1. Update on PJM Stakeholder Efforts for Ride-Through of DER and IEEE 1547-2018
MADRI meeting #53
July 18, 2019
Andrew Levitt, Senior Business Solution Architect, Applied Innovation

2. PJM’s Scope
Transmission
Sales for Resale
Transmission

3. ~$290 m annual operating budget ~$40b in transactions
~700 employees
~$290 m annual operating budget
~$40b in transactions
65 million people served
21% of US GDP
165 GW peak load
Founded 1927

4. IEEE standard 1547 facilitates DER interconnection.
Why Care About IEEE ?
IEEE standard 1547 facilitates DER interconnection.
Takeaway 1: old IEEE is retiring, is in laws & regs of most states.
PJM has long-term reliability concerns with old IEEE
No immediate concerns, and no anticipated need for retrofits.
New IEEE is a “smart inverter” standard.
Manufacturers moving away from IEEE and towards “smart inverters” (e.g., CA, HI, MA). Starting in early 2020s, DER equipment will increasingly be designed for IEEE and not old IEEE

5. More DER deployment in PJM  Ride Through for DER
“Ride Through”: resource remains connected for a short time during/after transmission fault.
Required for big generators.
Takeaway 2: reliable integration of more DER in PJM  ride through should be required for DER, too.
Cumulative Non-wholesale Solar MW

6. The Role of IEEE 1547-2018 and “Ride Through”
PJM Manual 14g
IEEE
Voltage Regulation
Communications
Frequency Response
Harmonics
Etc.
IEEE 1547 standard for DER interconnection
Federal law
State law
State regulations
Utility technical requirements
Ride through requirements
Trip requirements
Main PJM interest

7. Takeaway 3: IEEE 1547-2018  More Policy Engagement
Old IEEE
New IEEE
Take it or leave it.
“The small generator shall be listed to meet the requirements of IEEE ”.
Pick a flavor.
“The small generator shall be listed to meet the requirements of IEEE using normal operating performance Category A and abnormal operation performance Category II, with the UV1 trip point adjusted to [Y] seconds and the UV2 trip point adjusted to [X] seconds.”
Examples of state stakeholder working groups on ride through and trip settings : Maryland PC-44 Phase II Interconnection Working Group, Massachusetts Technical Standards Review Group, Minnesota Distributed Generation Workgroup Technical Subgroup, CA Smart Inverter Working Group

8. New IEEE 1547-2018 Standards: Done by 2021 or 2022
Slide Courtesy EPRI
PJM ride through and trip recommendations

9. PJM Stakeholder Effort for DER Ride Through
Q1 2018: Preliminary trial workshop w/ 4 utilities (T and D)
Q4 2018: Approved DER Ride Through Task Force Charter for PJM to work with distribution utilities, DER developers, et al to develop recommendations on ride through and trip settings
Q1 2019: Launch DERRTTF ~monthly meetings.
Q4 2019: Deliverables
Takeaway 4: PJM Ride Through Guidance Document for States
PJM Rules

10. Takeaways
Old IEEE is in state laws/regs, has been revised to more complex IEEE standard for “smart inverters”.
PJM has a narrow interest in the “ride through” and trip portion of the IEEE standard.
IEEE standard requires more policy engagement than the prior edition of the standard, timing of 2021 or 2022.
PJM is working with distribution utilities and others towards achieve consensus to publish in Q recommendations for state/local authorities and distribution utilities regarding the ride through and trip portions of the IEEE standard.

11. APPENDIX

12. Why Ride Through--Wide Area Undervoltage Could Affect Lots of DER
Multiphase transmission faultswide area undervoltage
Under high deployment, DER should “ride through”, i.e. stay connected, for low voltages from transmission faults
40 miles
> 1,000 MW solar on
busses w/ V <54%
~ 1 GW non-wholesale solar ~ 6 GW load

13. Why Ride Through—DER and Frequency Excursions
Catastrophic islanding of interconnection
Black start
Unusually Big Gen Loss
Loss of 4,500 MW in Eastern Interconnection in August 2007
PJM in August 2003

14. Valuable EPRI Technical Training on IEEE 1547-2018
EPRI Training Modules
The training is open to the public, but does require signing up for an EPRI account to access.
Topic
Overview on IEEE Std
DER Ride-Through Performance Categories and Trip Settings
T+D Coordination for DER Ride-Through and Trip Requirements