1. PRIMARY ASSESSMENT: Detect immediate threats to life
Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Severe Bleeding, Shock
© 2018 Cogent Steps, LLC

2. Primary Assessment Components
General Impression
Mental Status
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Bleeding
Shock
© 2018 Cogent Steps, LLC

3. General Impression Scene including safety of you and others
Mechanism of injury
Seriousness of the injury
Condition of the athlete
Number involved
Need for higher level of care
Visible injuries
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4. AVPU Mental Status Level of response from the athlete
Alert
Verbal
Painful
Unresponsive
Focus the athlete on you
Questions
Fear
AVPU
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5. Airway & Breathing Unresponsive – open airway – 5 to 10 seconds
Head tilt – chin lift vs jaw thrust
Breathing clues
Chest rise
Mouth vapor
Rescue breathing vs chest compressions
Pulse, not breathing on own
No pulse
© 2018 Cogent Steps, LLC

6. Circulation Pulse check Chest compressions AED Advance care
Carotid or radial
Brachial (infant)
Chest compressions
AED
Advance care
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7. Severe Bleeding Life threatening Spurting blood is arterial bleeding
Direct pressure
Tourniquet
Leads to shock
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8. Hypoperfusion
Inadequate amount of blood delivered to vital organs with loss of fluids leading to a drop in blood pressure with shunting of blood from extremities to organs
Signs and Symptoms
pale, cool grey skin
nausea/ vomiting
decreased blood pressure
decreased heart rate
thirst
loss of consciousness
© 2018 Cogent Steps, LLC

9. Treatment for Shock Keep temperate No oral fluids Elevate legs
Supplemental oxygen
Treat other injuries
Bleeding
Fractures
Monitor vital signs
Advanced care
© 2018 Cogent Steps, LLC

10. Primary Assessment Wrap Up
Monitor
15 minutes if stable / 5 minutes if unstable
May not get to Secondary Assessment
Assist EMS with packaging and transport
Move onto Secondary assessment if stable
© 2018 Cogent Steps, LLC