2. Renaissance Means REBIRTH Rebirth of art and learning
Began in northern Italy

3. Economic Foundations Increased demand for Middle Eastern products
Encouraged the use of credit and banking
Letters of credit expanded supply of money and sped up trade.
New accounting and bookkeeping practices used Arabic numerals

4. Italy Italian city-states became rich from trade:
Florence
Venice
Genoa
They were trading centers for the distribution of goods to northern Europe.
Independent city-states governed as republics by wealthy merchants.

5. Niccolo Machiavelli Wrote The Prince
guidelines for the how to get power by absolute rule.
Believed the ends justified the means
One should do good if possible, but do evil when necessary.

6. Art and Literature
Medieval art and literature focused on the Church and salvation.
Renaissance art and literature focused on individuals and worldly matters, along with Christianity.

7. Artists and Writers Artists Writers Leonardo da Vinci Michelangelo
Petrarch

8. Leonardo da Vinci Painted the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper
Handsome, athletic, singer, artist, scientist, inventor

10. Michelangelo
Painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel and sculpted David
Sculptor, painter, architect, poet

11. The Sistine Chapel Ceiling

12. Pieta
David

13. Petrarch Wrote Sonnets He wrote with a Humanistic approach
Considered the “Father of Humanism”

14. Humanism Celebrated the individual
Stimulated the study of Greek and Roman literature and culture
Humanists were supported by PATRONS who were very wealthy
The Vitruvian Man

15. Northern Renaissance
With the rise of trade, travel and literacy, the Italian Renaissance spread to northern Europe.
The art and literature changed as people of different cultures adopted Renaissance ideas.

16. Northern Renaissance Writers
Erasmus—The Praise of Folly (1511)
Critical of corrupt church practices
Catalyst for Protestant Reformation

17. Northern Renaissance Writers
Sir Thomas More —Utopia (1516)
Depicts world with perfect social, legal and political system
Leading humanist scholar

18. The Printing Press Major invention of the Renaissance
Printing press created by Johannes Gutenberg
Was the first way to print large amounts of text at once, instead of by hand or by blocks
1st book printed was the “Gutenberg Bible”
Influence of the printing press was…
Made books faster and more accessible to people
Made books much cheaper than before
Increased the literacy rate of people in Europe
Allowed more people the ability to be educated