1. Evaluation of graft patency during minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting with Doppler flow analysis 
Jeffrey C Lin, MD, Don L Fisher, MD, Michael F Szwerc, MD, James A Magovern, MD 
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 
Volume 70, Issue 4, Pages (October 2000)
DOI: /S (00)

2. Fig 1
The 1-mm, 20-MHz Doppler probe is quite flexible and can be passed through a small metal suction tip to provide stability.
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (00) )

3. Fig 2
Normal flow velocity pattern in a left internal mammary to left anterior descending artery graft. There is pan-diastolic flow with a velocity of more than 30 cm/second, indicating a patent graft.
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (00) )

4. Fig 3
The tracing shows a spike with high initial systolic flow velocity but no significant diastolic flow. This indicates obstruction of the anastomosis resulting in poor diastolic flow.
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (00) )

5. Fig 4
The tracing shows disorganized, low velocity flow indicating inadequate inflow to the mammary artery. This indicates that there is a problem with the mammary pedicle, such as a twisted pedicle, a proximal hematoma, or a dissected mammary artery.
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (00) )