1. Respiration Notes

2. Essential Question
How do the respiratory and excretory systems promote homeostasis in the body?

3. Functions Supply oxygen to the body
Breathing - the movement of the chest that brings air into the lungs and removes waste
Respiration - Oxygen is used by the cells to release energy from sugar.

4. The chemical equation for respiration is:
C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O
Glucose + Oxygen Carbon Dioxide + Water

5. Organs Pharynx - tubelike passageway used by food, liquid, and air.
Epiglottis - tissue flap at lower end of pharynx that prevents food or liquids from entering the airway.

6. Organs
3. Larynx - the voice box, which lies in the front of the throat. It is seen on the outside as the adams apple.
4. Trachea - the main tube through which air passes to and from the lungs, also called the windpipe.

7. Organs 5. Bronchi - two short tubes that lead to the lungs
6. Alveoli – Where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged.

8. Organs
7. Diaphragm - muscle that contracts and relaxes to move gas in and out of the lungs.

9. Breathing
Signals from your brain tell muscles in your chest and abdomen to contract and relax.
If carbon dioxide levels increase and oxygen levels decrease, breathing rate increases.

10. Diseases or Disorders
Emphysema - disease in which the alveoli in the lungs enlarge. Blood becomes low in oxygen and high in carbon dioxide, shortness of breath occurs.

11. Asthma - Disorder in which bronchial tubes contract quickly causing a shortness in breath, wheezing, or coughing.
1. The muscles surrounding the bronchial tubes contract excessively thus narrowing the airways. 2. The lining is red and swollen (inflamed) causing further narrowing. 3. Sticky mucus secretions block the airways.

12. 1. epiglottis 8. alveoli 2. Nasal passageway 3. Pharynx 4. trachea
5. Bronchial tubes
6. bronchi
7. diaphragm
8. alveoli