1. Unit 8 Industrial Revolution
Modern World History
Unit 8
Industrial Revolution

2. Industrial Revolution
Agricultural Revolution in Great Britain (early 1700s)
Enclosure movement
Machines (seed drill)
Techniques (crop rotation)
Selective breeding (livestock)

3. Industrial Revolution
Agricultural Revolution in Great Britain
2. Results
Larger farms
Food production and quality increase
Population increase
Led to larger cities

4. Beginning of the Industrial Revolution
Industrialization first started in Great Britain
Later spread throughout the rest of the world
The industrial revolution in the
United States was influenced by the
War of 1812.
Britain blockaded America which
forced them to look internally and
utilize their own resources

5. Industrial Revolution
B) Industrialization in Great Britain
Factors supporting industrialization
Natural resources
Sources of power (water/coal)
Iron ore for tools and machines
River systems for transportation

6. Industrial Revolution
Ports for shipping
Strong banking system for investment
Politically stable government

7. Industrial Revolution
B) Factors supporting industrialization
2. Textile Industry
1st industry to industrialize
New inventions help produce cloth quickly
3. Steam Engine
Used to power factory machines
Used for railroads and steamboats

8. Industrial Revolution
B) Factors supporting industrialization
4. Transportation
Railroads and steamboats moved goods and people over long distances
Roads were improved

9. Industrial Revolution
B) Factors supporting industrialization
Changes brought by transportation:
Physical changes—towns developed at railroad stops
Economic—quick movement of goods and a variety of new jobs
Socially—urbanization (farms to city)

10. Industrial Revolution
C) Negative aspects of industrialization
City life
Cities just popped up
Limited, poor, and unsafe housing
Disease due to poor public sanitation
Little or no health care
Shorter lifespan

12. Industrial Revolution
C) Negative aspects
City life
Better wages but higher cost of living
Capitalism benefited businessmen, financiers, and industrialists
Inequalities between working class and peasants
Race/ethnic issues increased as people move into the cities

13. Industrial Revolution
C) Negative aspects
2. Factory
Dark, dank, dangerous working conditions (machines)
14 hour workday/six days a week
Many were killed or injured on the job

15. Industrial Revolution
D) Positive aspects of industrialization
Middle class (skilled workers, professionals, business owners, and wealthy farmers) enjoyed comfortable lives and were wealthier than many nobles

16. Industrial Revolution
D) Positive aspects 2. Increased the production of goods and services 3. Countries became wealthy 4. Standard of living increased (better housing, clothing, diets, and health care)

17. Industrialization Spreads
The Industrial Revolution first started in the United States because during the War of 1812.
During the war, the British illegally opened fire on an American cargo ship and eventually hung 4 Americans for treason
This caused enormous outrage in the US and led to the passing of the Embargo Act of 1807
Embargo Act: ended the import of goods from other countries outside the US and forced the US to increase manufacturing themselves, leading to an increase in industry

18. Industrialization Spreads
United States
Geography and natural resources
Large population
Growth of textile, railroad, and electric industries
Eastern and transcontinental railroads open up resources

19. Industrialization Spreads
United States
Factories were primarily located in northern states (but diversified)
The south was mostly agricultural with a little industry
Women join the workforce

20. Writing Activity
As a factory owner during the Industrial Revolution, write a letter to a newspaper justifying working conditions in your factory
As a factory worker during the Industrial Revolution, write a letter to a newspaper exposing your horrific working conditions

21. Industrialization Spreads
Belgium
First to use British industrial model
Had iron, coal, and waterways

22. Industrialization Spreads
Germany
Politically divided until late 1800s
Used railroads to link manufacturing
Rich in coal and iron ore
Becomes industrial leader after unification

23. Industrialization Spreads
France
Industrialized after 1850
Government built large network of railroads
Austria-Hungary and Spain
Political and economic problems stopped them from developing

24. Industrialization Spreads
Japan
Goal was to modernize and counteract western influence
Studied industrialization in Britain, Germany, and America
Used railroads and factories to build military
Modeled military and education systems after Western nations

25. Worldwide Effects Industrialized countries Had more wealth and power
Became imperial powers
Used non-industrialized lands for resources and markets for goods

26. Worldwide Effects 2. Urbanization Workers move from farms to cities
Middle class consisted of professionals, small business people, merchants, small manufactures and service providers
Growth of middle class changes social class structures

27. Worldwide Effects
Urbanization
Profited from expanding markets and wealth
Protected profits
Improved standard of living
Wages fluctuated

28. Worldwide Effects Urbanization Population increased (labor)
Increased market demand for manufactured products
Business invests capital in technology and organization to supply more goods to growing markets

29. Worldwide Effects Non-industrialized Countries
Lacked political, economic, and social features to industrialize

30. Worldwide Effects Market Economy
Prices are set freely by the law of supply and demand
Little or no interference from gov’t (laissez faire)
Global demand for goods increased
Sought new markets

31. Worldwide Effects Socialism Karl Marx Positive: Negative:
Equality
Negative:
can lead to corruption
Lack of freedom
Karl Marx
Leader of Communist movement
Wrote “Communist Manifesto”

32. REVIEW
What were two reforms/improvements made to the agriculture industry?
What did those improvements lead to?
What factors supported industrialization (resources, transportation, etc.) in England?
Name a few of the negative aspects of city life during industrialization?
Name a few of the positive aspects of city life during industrialization?

33. REVIEW
6) What war influenced the beginning of the American industrial revolution? How so? 7) What role did railroads play in the American industrial revolution? 8)What is stock? 9) What is a corporation? 10) Name the industry that played a major role in the revolution. 11) How did the industrial revolution impact the world balance of power? 12) What is imperialism? How did it come about?

34. REVIEW
13) What does laissez faire mean? 14) What type of economy is laissez faire typically associated with? 15) What would be a benefit/negative aspect of socialism? 16) Who was Karl Marx and what did he write?