1. Georgia Colony
Established in 1732

2. Colonization Vocabulary
Mercantilism- an economic policy in which a country exports more than it imports; colonies are expected to supply raw materials to the mother country.
Trustee- a person who holds responsibility and acts on behalf of others.
Charter- legal document that grants special rights and sets up rules under which something operates.
Militia- a force of citizen-soldiers

3. Oglethorpe Background Information : A man with a mission
From an influential family
Educated and wealthy
Philanthropic- wanted to help others
Became committed to prison reform after his dear friend, Robert Castell, died in debtor’s prison after contracting smallpox
Oglethorpe and 20 others outlined a plan that would allow debtors a fresh start in the New World

4. 1. Describe the location of the newly intended settlement.
South part of the Carolinas south and west of the Savannah River.

5. 2. Reasons for Establishment charity, defense, and economy
What groups would benefit from the charity of the Georgia colony?
Deserving poor
Europeans persecuted for being Protestant
Who was the colony intended to protect, and from what three groups?
South Carolina from…
Spanish in Florida
The French on Gulf Coast/New Orleans
Indian allies of both

6. 2. Reasons for Establishment charity, defense, and economy
How was Georgia intended to support England’s policy of mercantilism? What was expected that Georgia would be able to produce?
It was believed that Georgia’s climate could grow plants that England could not, contributing to mercantilism
Mulberry Trees = Silk
Grapes = Wine
Olives = Olive Oil

7. 3. What was the motto?
Not for self, but for others

8. 4. What land was granted to the trust?
Land between Altamaha and Savannah Rivers
West to the Pacific Ocean

9. 5. How did Georgia get its name?
In honor of King George
How long would the trust be in charge of the colony?
21 years or until 1753

10. 7. The role of the Trustees
What were the trustees given full authority to do?
What restrictions were placed on the trustees?
Establish rules and regulations
Establish courts
Military defense
Raise money for charity
Grant land
Laws must be approved by King
Couldn’t make a profit in any way
No money for service
Could get no land
Governors must be approved by King
How did they govern the colony and why?
Made 3 laws, used regulations and policies to govern, and no governor was appointed to get around getting the King’s approval

11. 9. Describe the difference in land distribution
Charity colonist = 50 acres and tools, seeds and a year’s supply of food
Paying Colonists = 500 acres, but must have a male (servant or relative) for every 50 acres.
What were the rules for women and land ownership?
The trust wanted a male who could serve in the militia to live on every 50 acres of land, therefore a woman was not able to own or inherit land. This also prevented male settlers from marrying women who had inherited land and building up large plantation style farms.

12. 11. What other rules/restrictions were in place for owning land?
Male citizens had to be prepared to serve in the militia
Couldn’t sell, rent or borrow against land
Required to plant mulberry trees
No one could own more than 500 acres
Must have a male for every 50 acres
When looking at potential colonists, how did they define “poor and deserving”?
Poor for reasons beyond their control

13. 13. What role would women serve in the new colony?
To support the trustee’s goal to colonize Georgia with families
Maintain households
Maintain stability
Produce silk to contribute to the income of the households
14. Who was the only trustee to come to the Georgia colony?
James Oglethorpe

14. Savannah: The First Settlement
15. They aboard the ship, The Ann
Approximately 2 months (57 days)
16. January 1733
16. Oglethorpe chose Yamacraw Bluff because its high ground would give them a defensive advantage
17. Tomichichi, the leader of the Yamacraw, granted Oglethorpe the coast of Savannah to the Altamaha
18. Bi-racial trade post owners John and Mary Musgrove served as interpreters for Oglethorpe and the natives

15. 19. Savannah was to have FOUR squares
20 lots (60x90) on the north and south
On the East and West were FOUR larger lots for churches or stores.
Squares were divided into squares called ward
The center of each square was for social, political and religious gatherings.
21 of Oglethorpe’s original 24 blocks remain today.

16. 20. What challenges did colonists face in early life in Georgia?
Heat and humidity
Alligators and snakes
Bugs
Waterborne illnesses
Many of the colonists including the doctor died from fever

17. 21. Why did the colonists have to defend themselves in court?
Lawyers were not allowed in the colony-Oglethorpe wanted the colonists to work together to solve their own problems.

18. 22. What public buildings were constructed?
Courthouse
Church
Storehouse
Mill
Public oven

19. Other 22. Who was not allowed in the new colony?
Lawyers- they wanted colonists to solve their own problems, so they had to defend themselves in town court.
No Catholics: the colony granted free exercise of religion to all but Catholics. The nearness of Spanish Catholics in Florida made allowing Catholics in the colony undesirable.
No liquor dealers: liquor would cause idleness.
Slaves: The trustees wanted to prohibit slavery in the new colony, therefore people of color were initially not permitted.
How were colonists punished for disturbing the harmony?
Pillory
Whippings