1. Socialisation
5 Methods

2. Methods of Socialisation
Modelling
Children are socialised by observing and copying the behaviour they see around them, in their families, peer groups, schools, media and so forth. Male children are encouraged to model their behaviour around concepts of masculinity while female children are encouraged to identify with – and copy – concepts of femininity.
Example: Different activities for boys and girls involving differing levels of exposure to adult behaviour (such as girls doing housework, being given dolls etc.).
Exit
Selective Exposure
Modelling
Sanctions
Nurturance
Identification
Selective Exposure
The individual is constantly exposed to the ideas, activities, behaviours and practices you want them to develop. Exposure to contradictory ideas, activities, behaviours and practices is actively discouraged.
Example: Different toys and games for boys and girls.
Identification
The individual is encouraged to identify with people or ideas considered to be positive socialising influences. For example, children may be encouraged to identify with their parents and, by so doing, mimic their beliefs, attitudes and behaviours.
Notes
Almost by definition, the members are first generation converts, and, like all converts, they tend to be far more enthusiastic and committed - even fanatic - than those born into a religion.
Sanctions
These take the form of rewards for conformity and punishments for non-conformity to socialisation norms.
For example, girls rewarded for displaying “feminine traits” and punished for displaying “masculine traits” – and vice versa.
Nurturance
Those doing the socialising actively encourage children to display social traits and behaviours they see as desirable.
Example: Boys praised for being “strong”; girls praised for being “pretty”.

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