1. The Cold War

3. The Cold War [1945-1991]: An Ideological Struggle
Soviet & Eastern Bloc Nations [“Iron Curtain”]
US & the Western Democracies
GOAL  “Containment” of Communism & the eventual collapse of the Communist world. [George Kennan]
GOAL  spread world-wide Communism
METHODOLOGIES:
Espionage [KGB vs. CIA]
Arms Race [nuclear escalation]
Ideological Competition for the minds and hearts of Third World peoples [Communist govt. & command economy vs. democratic govt. & capitalist economy]  “proxy wars”
Bi-Polarization of Europe [NATO vs. Warsaw Pact]

4. The Division of Berlin

5. The Bipolarization of Europe

6. George Kennan [“X Article”]: CONTAINMENT Goals Means Actual Application
Restoration of the balance of power
Encouragement of self-confidence in nations threatened by Soviet expansion.
Long-term program of U.S. economic assistance [Marshall Plan]
Reduction of Soviet ability to project outside power.
Exploitation of tensions in international communism.
Cooperation with communist regimes; [supporting Titoism in Yugoslavia]

7. George Kennan [“X Article”]: CONTAINMENT Goals Means Actual Application
Modification of the Soviet concept of international relations.
Negotiating settlement of outstanding differences.
Using “carrots & sticks’; containing Germany with an embrace and Russia at arms length.

8. National Defense Budget [1940-1964]

9. YALTA (in the USSR)
Date: Feb 1945
Present: Churchill,
Roosevelt and Stalin

10. POTSDAM (Germany) Date: July 1945 Present: Churchill, Truman and Stalin

11. Berlin is Germany’s capital city.
Berlin Wall
Berlin is Germany’s capital city.
The Soviets built the wall to keep communists from escaping to the American sector.

12. Berlin Wall

14. Wall came down in 1989

15. Marshall Plan
USA’s plan to send food, blankets, fuel to Europe to help them. AND to keep them from turning communist.

17. Berlin blockade led to Berlin Airlift

18. Truman Doctrine
The Truman Doctrine in March 1947 promised that the USA “would support free peoples who are resisting” communism.
This led to containment – policy of containing communism where it is.

19. Space Race
The USA and the Soviet Union raced as the world watched to be the first to conquer space.
Russians put the first man in space.
USA plans to beat the Russians to the moon.

20. USA spent the 60’s trying to catch up to the Soviets.
Apollo program
USA spent the 60’s trying to catch up to the Soviets.

21. Domino Theory

22. Korean War [ ]

23. Korean War [ ]
Kim Il-Sung
Syngman Rhee
“Domino Theory”

24. The Shifting Map of Korea [1950-1953]

25. Vietnam, 1968

27. Vietnam War 1960s-1973
Through the Kennedy years, US troops trained S. Vietnamese troops to fight the Reds.
After the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, under LBJ, US troops started to fight more.

28. Seeing this on TV led to a
loss of support at home