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CMPSC 60: Week 5 Discussion
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Topics for Today Some Unix commands Unix shells
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Find Recursively search for files find . -name “*.txt”
–list all files ending with “.txt” under the current dir find ~ -name ‘*.txt’ -maxdepth 2 Find files ending with .txt within home dir up to 2 levels deep find / -type d -user cshiflet find all directories on the server owned by cshiflet find ~ -mtime -7 find files under your home modified in the last 7 days (week)
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Find (cont.) find ~ -size 0 -exec rm {} \;
Delete all zero length files under your home dir find ~ -perm exec chmod o-rw {} \; change all files under your home dir that can be read and written by all users so that they cannot
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Grep search multiple files for a pattern grep text *
print the lines of any files that have “text” in them grep -r sometext * same as before, searching recursively grep -l sometext * print only the filenames of files with “sometext”
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More Grep grep -n ‘//’ *.cpp grep -v text file grep -i text *
print the lines from all .cpp files that have a ‘//’ in them, and print the line number it was found on grep -v text file print all the lines of file that do not have “text” in them grep -i text * print the lines of all files with “text” in them, insensitive to case
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Tar – Tape ARchive Copy files to or from an archive -x to extract
-t to test (list contents) -c to create -v to be verbose, print out what it’s doing -f filename -- specifies input/output archive -z -- gzip/gunzip the archive -j -- bzip2/bunzip2 the archive
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Tar examples tar -tzvf some.tar.gz tar -xzf some.tar.gz
List the files in some.tar.gz tar -xzf some.tar.gz Extract the files in some.tar.gz to the current dir tar -czf out.tar.gz indir/ Compress the dir “indir” and all files in it into out.tar.gz
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Unix Shells Program that launches at login and allows you to enter commands Examples: CSH / TCSH BASH SH ZSH… and more
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CSH - Manipulating Variables
env - List all environment variables set - Set a normal variable set class = cs60 setenv - Set an environment variable for the life of the shell (i.e. until you logout) setenv PATH ${PATH}:/my/path/dir
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CSH - Important Env Variables
PATH - Directories to search when executing a program HOME - Full path of your home directory SHELL - Full path/name of your shell HOSTNAME - Host the shell is running on USER - User who invoked the shell (YOU)
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CSH - Important Normal Variables
prompt - Defines the prompt displayed set prompt=“%M:%~%” New prompt: host:~/current% set prompt=“[%t] %M:%~%” New prompt: [6:35pm] host:~/current% Other prompt variables can be found by in the tcsh man page history - Number of history commands stored set history=100
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More prompt fun %M – the machine you’re logged into
%~ – your current directory %t – the current time %n – your user name %h – the current history event number set prompt = [%t] %~\n%h %
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CSH - Configuration Files
~/.cshrc - Run whenever CSH is started ~/.login - Run when you login with CSH ~/.logout - Run when you logout
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CSH - ~/.cshrc Used to setup initial: PATH prompt aliases
User defined variables Anything else you want every time you start CSH
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CSH - ~/.login Put commands here that you only want execute when you first login
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