1. Software Testing
Software Testing is a process of evaluating a system by manual or automatic means and verify that it satisfies specified requirements or identify differences between expected and actual results

2. How to do Testing and it's life cycle
Unit Testing
Sanity Testing
Functional Testing
Integration Testing
Regression Testing
Stress Testing
Load Testing
Performance Testing
Solution Testing
How to do testing??

3. 1st Cycle - Unit and Sanity Testing
Unit Testing: It covers testing on a specific part of code perform by developers.
Sanity Testing: It's very basic level testing done by QA after fixing some bug.
Basic Cleaning of Bugs

4. 2nd Cycle - Functional , Integration and Regression Testing
Functional Testing: Focus majorly on specific functionality of component.
Integration Testing: To check, how that functionality work after integrating with some other functionality.
Regression Testing: To check older functionality after integrating new functionality. 
Complete Mix Testing

5. 3rd Cycle - Stress, Load and Performance testing
Performance Testing: It means how best something performs under a given benchmark.
Load Testing: It is also performance testing but under various loads.
Stress Testing: It is performance under stress conditions.

6. 4th Cycle- Solution or End to End Testing
It's done in a completely emulated customer setup, involving multiple products and most of the time multiple vendor products.
If it's done at the customer site then it's also called as pre-production testing.

7. How to Plan and Organize Test case
Project
Test plan
Functionality
Test cases