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Kevin M, Hailey D, Celina C, Rayna W, Ashlyn O, Wesley M
Freedmen's Bureau Kevin M, Hailey D, Celina C, Rayna W, Ashlyn O, Wesley M
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Plans The Freedmen's Bureau planned to help newly freed slaves and impoverished white Southerners during the reconstruction era, after the civil war. They planned to provide them with food, housing, medical care, legal assistance, and educational opportunities.
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Motives The Freedmen's Bureau was established by congress in After the war Oliver Otis Howard (Union general) was appointed commissioner. He and the Bureau wanted to give not just freedom but all the rights that come with it to freed blacks. After the emancipation proclamation they wanted to improve education, voting rights, fair housing and health, and rights before the law for freedmen. The Bureau also helped poor southerners with food, housing and medical assistance after the war.
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Desires To help millions of former slaves and poor whites in the South
Encourage freed African Americans continue working on plantations or laboring wages to help with reconstruction. To give free African Americans fair housing, medical aid, legal, educational opportunities
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Gains of Freedmen Freedmen's Bureau operated and funded a number of services including areas such as: Relief, Education, Legal, and Land Distribution. Relief: An agency that provided food and medical supplies; many hospitals were also constructed. Education: More than 1000 public schools and colleges were built throughout the south. Legal: Established programs that monitored labor agreements between freedmen and their employers. Land Distribution: Lands of Confederate officials were seized and distributed to freedmen; this program was later ended and the lands were restored to their original owners. As a result many African Americans were getting the education and rights they deserved.
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Outcomes The establishment of Universities such as Howard, Fisk and Hampton The start of sharecropping, a system where the landlord/planter allows a tenant to use the land in exchange for a share of the crop (antiquated form of slavery with similar conditions) The creation of the American Missionary Association, an association created in 1872 as a protestant based abolitionist group that promoted racial equality and Christian values Fed millions of people by distributing food to effected individuals Built hospitals in freedman occupied areas Dismantled by white democrats who felt the bureau favored "specific people" too much >> no funding or personnel African Americans became more present in positions of governmental power (congress, local government) Social welfare and labor relations precedents were set
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THE FREEDMEN'S BUREAU DESERVED FEDERAL FUNDING
CLAIM THE FREEDMEN'S BUREAU DESERVED FEDERAL FUNDING Freed African Americans benefitted from newly created housing, legal, medical and educational provisions. These provisions helped to ingratiate African Americans into freed society Freedmen and poor whites needed means to rehabilitate from the ravages of the Civil War (creation of hospitals, distribution of land and food) The Bureau encouraged African Americans to assimilate into the working society and contribute to the economy Great, longstanding universities were created for the higher education of African Americans Introducing another free, rehabilitated, and contributing group of individuals to working-class America strengthened the economy and helped to recooperage/mitigate losses from the war
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Opposing Views Freed men hoped to get jobs in offices to make themselves rich. Southern Democrats said they were untrustworthy and shouldn't represent them. Most white Southerners believed that the carpetbaggers (Northerners who moved to the South after the war) wanted to take advantage of the South’s destruction after the war for their own profit. When Congress introduced a bill in February 1866 to extend the bureau’s tenure and give it new legal powers, Johnson vetoed the proposed legislation on the grounds that it interfered with states’ rights, gave preference to one group of citizens over another and would impose a huge financial burden on the federal government, among other issues.
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