1. PSYCHOPATHOLOGY OF CHILDREN AND FAMILY
WEEK 12
SUBSTANCE ABUSE AND DEPENDENCE

2. Classification of Substance-Related Disorders
Substance Abuse and Dependence
Substance abuse involve a pattern of recurrent use that leads to damaging consequences.
- Substance dependence is the development of physiological signs of dependence. (tolerance or withdrawal) or by compulsive use of a substance.

3. Addiction, Physiological Dependence, and Psychological Dependence
- addiction as the habitual or compulsive use of a drug accompanied by evidence of physiological dependence
- Physiological dependence means that one’s body has changed as a result of the regular use of a psychoactive drug in such a way that tolerance or withdrawal syndrome develop.
- Psychological dependence involves a patterns of compulsive use of associated with impaired control over the use of drug.

4. 3. Addiction or dependence
Pathways to Drug Dependence
1. Experimentation
2. Routine use
3. Addiction or dependence

5. Drugs of Abuse Depressants
is a drug that slow down the activity of the nervous system.
Alcohol
Barbiturates
Opioids

6. - increases the activity of the nervous system
Stimulants
- increases the activity of the nervous system
Amphetamines
Ecstacy
Cocaine
Nicotine

7. - produces sensory distortion and hallucination
Hallucinogens
- produces sensory distortion and hallucination
LSD
Phencyclidine (PCP)
Marijuana

8. Theoretical Perspectives
Biological Perspectives
Neurotransmitters
Genetic Factors
Learning Perspectives
Operant Conditioning
Alcohol and Tension Reduction
Negative Reinforcement and Withdrawal
The Conditioning Model of Cravings
Observational Learning

9. Cognitive Perspectives
Outcome Expectancies, and Substance Abuse
Self-Efficacy Expectancies
Does One "Slip" Cause People with Substance Abuse or Dependence to Go on Binges? Perhaps What You Believe Is What You Get
Psychodynamic Perspectives
Sociocultural Perspectives
Tying It Together

10. Treatment of Substance Abuse and Dependence
Biological Approaches
Detoxification
Disulfiram
Antidepressants
Nicotine Replacement Therapy
Methadone Maintenance Programs
Nalaxone and Naltrexone

11. Summing Up Culturally Sensitive Treatment of Alcoholism
Nonprofessional Support Groups
Residential Approaches
Psychodynamic Approaches
Behavioral Approaches
Self-Control Strategies
Aversive Conditioning
Social Skills Training
Relapse-Prevention Training
Summing Up

12. CLASS ACTIVITY 1
Distinguish between substance abuse and dependence, tolerance and withdrawal.
Distinguish between psychological and physiological dependence.
Describe physical and psychological effects of depressants, stimulants and hallucinogens.

13. CLASS ACTIVITY II
Discuss biological, learning, cognitive, psychodynamic, and sociocultural perspectives of substance abuse and dependence.
Discuss approaches to treating substance abuse and dependence including detoxification, disulfiram, antidepressants, nicotine replacement, methadone maintenance and nalaxone/naltrexone. .

14. Discuss the need for, and methods of, relapse- prevention training.
Discuss approaches to treating substance abuse and dependence including, nonprofessional support groups, residential approaches, psychodynamic approaches, and behavioral approach.
Discuss the need for, and methods of, relapse- prevention training.