1. The Hydrosphere, Freshwater Distribution, and the Water Cycle

2. What is the hydrosphere?

3. The Hydrosphere
The hydrosphere includes all water on or near the Earth’s surface
This includes water in the oceans, lakes, rivers, wetlands, polar ice caps, soil, rock layers beneath Earth’s surface, and clouds
70% of the Earth’s surface is covered in water

4. The Earth’s Water
97.2% of all of the water on Earth is found in the oceans
Due to the salt content of ocean water, we are unable to use it
Salt water can be cleaned by a process known as desalination
This leaves only 2.8% of the Earth’s water as freshwater
Only 0.8% of which is drinkable

5. Freshwater Distribution
The 2.8% of freshwater is divided into:
Glaciers and Ice Caps = 2.15%
Groundwater = 0.62%
Surface Water = 0.03%

6. Surface Water Distribution
The 0.03% of surface water is divided into:
Lakes = 0.017%
Soil = 0.005%
Atmosphere = 0.001%
This refers to water vapor in the air
Streams = %

7. The previous percentages referred to all the world’s water but it can be adjusted to reflect percentages based on a 100% scale

8. The Water Cycle
Water constantly moves among the oceans, the atmosphere, the solid Earth, and the biosphere. This unending circulation of Earth’s water supply is the water cycle

9. Steps of the Water Cycle
Accumulation
_____________________ – the process in which water pools in large bodies (like oceans, seas and lakes)
_____________________ – the process in which water vapor (a gas) in the air turns into liquid water
Process by which water forms clouds in the sky
Process by which water drops form on the outside of a glass of icy water on a hot day
_____________________ – the process in which liquid water becomes water vapor (a gas)
Water vaporizes from the surfaces of oceans and lakes, from the surface of the land, and from melts in snow fields
Condensation
Evaporation

10. Steps of the Water Cycle
Precipitation
_____________________ – the process in which water (in the form of rain, snow, sleet, or hail) falls from clouds in the sky
_____________________ – the draining away of water (or substances carried in it) from the surface of an area 
_____________________ – the process in which some water within plants evaporates into the atmosphere
Water is first absorbed by the plant's roots, then later exits by evaporating through pores in the plant.
Runoff
Transpiration

11. Condensation
Condensation
Precipitation
Transpiration
Runoff
Evaporation
Accumulation

12. Water Cycle Animation
In the animation, what step of the water cycle does the rain correspond to?
Are there other items in the animation that correspond to steps of the water cycle?