1. Spread of Nationalism and Jacksonian Democracy
Age of Jackson
Spread of Nationalism and Jacksonian Democracy

2. V. Andrew Jackson A. Election of 1824
Andrew Jackson, Henry Clay and John Quincy Adams run for Presidency
Jackson received the most popular votes, but not a majority of electoral votes
The House of Representatives must decide the next President
Clay convinced them to vote for Adams
Adams became the 6th President
Adams appointed Clay his Secretary of State

3. B. Election of 1828
New political party formed
Called the Democratic Party
Organized by Martin Van Buren

4. Expanding Suffrage
President Jackson removes the land-owning requirement for voting.
Still only white males could vote, but progress made from the “land owners” mentality / status

5. 3. Nullification Crisis
Protective Tariff raised in (before Jackson)
South (John C. Calhoun) called it the “Tariff of Abominations”
South forced to buy Northern goods rather than cheaper ones from Europe
John C. Calhoun felt that states had the right to nullify a law within their borders
South Carolina threatened to secede
Congress Passes the Force Bill
Allowed the government to use the army and navy against South Carolina
South Carolina kept the tariff but nullified the Force Bill

6. States’ Rights
Due to issues like the Nullification Crisis, Alien-Sedition Acts, and slavery, states are believing and feel they can govern themselves without federal govt. interference
Don’t want federal control

7. - Cherokee sued for their right to stay in / on their lands.
5. Indian Removal Act of 1830
- authorized the president to gran unsettled lands west of the Miss. River in exchange for Indian lands within existing state borders.
- Trail of Tears
- describes the journey of Cherokees forced relocation to Oklahoma.
- Worcester vs. Georgia
- Cherokee sued for their right to stay in / on their lands.
- Supreme Court ruled in the Cherokee’s favor
- Jackson refused to obey or listen to the ruling and decides to forcibly relocate anyways

8. VI. Economic Expansion 1. How North, South, and West are linked
2. Industrial Revolution
Samuel Slater – Brought textiles to the U.S.
Noah Webster - Promoted education including Book of Spelling
Eli Whitney
Advocated interchangeable parts to increase profit and production
Invents Cotton Gin
Cotton profits skyrocketed making cotton “KING”
More slave labor became needed

9. Transportation
Erie Canal (1825) built
Paid for by New York
365 miles connecting Hudson River to Lake Erie
Cumberland Road built
First “national road”
Connected Maryland to Columbus, Ohio
Robert Fulton used James Watt’s steam engine to power boats

10. 3. The American System A. Henry Clay
- North = Industrial center of the US and economy
- South = agricultural center of the US and economy (KING cotton)
- work together to dominate each of those areas, but also leads to increasing sectionalism

11. VII. 2nd Great Awakening Social Life
Farming became even bigger in the South, while the North began to develop factories for production
Second Great Awakening (early 1800’s)
Was an Evangelical Movement
Began in Kentucky and Tennessee
Protestants
Believed scripture is final authority
Believed that only belief in Jesus yields salvation
Believed that doing good deeds could transform your life
Baptists experience rapid growth

12. Temperance
Encouraged ABSTINENCE – not drinking alcohol
Movement would eventually lead to Prohibition in the 1920s

13. Public Education
Horace Mann pushed for free education, to be paid for by taxes
Moral education stressed in schools
Thrift
Obedience
Honesty
Temperance

14. Women’s fight to gain suffrage
Many cultural and legal restrictions on women
Catherine Beecher inspired women to build a strong American society
Elizabeth Cady Stanton organized the first convention to discuss women’s rights