1. Chapter 2 Section 1 notes

2. The Foundations of democracy
The rights, freedoms, and form of government that we enjoy as Americans did not begin with the United States Constitution in 1788.
The origins of the American political system can be traced to ancient times

3. Society
Taught/Description
Judaism: the Jewish religion
Every person has worth and is equal before the law

4. Society
Taught
Greece
Created the first democracy
Had a direct democracy
All free men over 18 were considered citizens and could take part I the assembly

5. Had a republic (a representative democracy)
Society
Taught
Rome
Had a republic (a representative democracy)
Government was put in the hands of a few people in the senate
Members of the senate were chosen from Rome's wealthy upper class
The senators elected two members called consuls to lead the government

6. Direct Democracy and Representative Democracies are similar in that they..are both democracies and ran by citizens
Representative Democracies and Direct Democracy are different in that..In a representative democracy citizens choose a smaller group to govern on their behalf and in a direct democracy people vote first hand

7. Introduction to the Magna Carta

8. Early English influences
The Magna Carta:
1. Introduced the idea of trial by peers
2. allowed nobles to rebel against king if he broke their agreement
3. Gave rights to free men
4. Limited kings power
5. provided the right to equal treatment under the law

9. The Magna Carta is important because it established the principle of limited government.
Limited Government: the principle that a ruler or government is not all powerful
At first many rights protected by the Magna Carta applied only to nobles but over time they began to apply to all English people

11. Kings who came after John were advised by nobles and church officials.
This group grew to include representatives of the common people
By late 1300s, the advisers became a legislature called Parliament

12. Influence of Magna Carta Today

13. English Bill of Rights
In 1688 Parliament forced King James II from the throne
Parliament then asked James’s daughter, Mary and her husband William to rule instead
Mary and William could be rulers as long as they followed a set of rules that the parliament crease
Those laws are called the English Bill of Rights
The laws in the English Bill of Rights include:

14. English bill of rights
You cannot go to prison without due process of law
No loss of property without due process of law
No cruel punishment
No standing army in time of peace without consent from parliament
No taxation without parliament
People have the rights to bear arms
People can petition the king
Freedom of speech

16. Influence of the englightment
The conflict between the monarch and Parliament produced new ideas about government
The new ideas were part of a larger cultural movement in Europe known as the Enlightenment

17. Recap of Magna Carta/parliament/

18. Name
Years Lived
Beliefs
Thomas Hobbes
People agree to be ruled because their ruler pledges to protect their rights
John Locke
People have rights to life, liberty, and property that the government must protect for the common good
Baron de Montesquieu
Separate the parts of government so one doesn’t become too powerful
Voltaire
People have right to speak freely, and this right should be defended by everyone
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Legislative power belongs to the people

19. John Locke

20. https://www. bing. com/videos/search
+government&&view=detail&mid=D050CF3D110DB86E5005D050CF3D110DB86E 5005&&FORM=VDRVRV

21. Colonists views about government were shaped by the Enlightenment thinkers
Ideas about social contract, natural rights, and separation of power influenced the writers of the Declaration of Independence, and the U.S. Constitution

22. First colonial governments
England founded colonies in America throughout the 1600s
Colony: an area of settlement in one place that is controlled by a country in another place
They brought with them a strong belief in their rights and representative government

23. History of colonial America
(first part about definition of colony)

24. jamestown
1. What was Jamestown? The first permanent English settlement in North America
2. Who founded Jamestown? The Virginia Company-business from London
3. Why did the Birginia company allow colonists to make their own laws? To attract more settlers to the company
4. Describe the House of Burgesses: the government that was created in Jamestown. Colonists elected burgesses to represent them in decision making
The House of Burgesses marked the beginning of self government and representative democracy in colonial America

25. House of Burgesses https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R3yC1Y-7utA
1607-Jamestown was founded
1619-house of burgesses founded

26. The mayflower compact
Soon after the House of Burgesses was formed, another group of English colonists arrived in America

27. Why did the Pilgrims draw up a compact?
They needed a government
What is a compact?
A written agreement

28. What did they agree on in the Mayflower Compact?
To choose leaders and work together to make their own laws for the colony
Agreed to obey the laws

29. What kind of government did the signers of the Mayflower Compact establish?
Direct democracy

30. Recap of Mayflower Compact