1. MCU – Microcontroller Unit – 2
Md. Atiqur Rahman Ahad

2. Mechatronics
~ area of mechanical and electrical engineering – having integration of mechanics with electronics & information processing.
The integration – between hardware & software  results an integrated system called mechatronic system.
Microcontroller plays a major role in mechatronics

3. Selection of MCU Checklist 8/16/32 bit ALU Max. power dissipation
Clock speed needed
Instructions set  RISC/CISC

4. Selection of MCU… Checklist – Memory architecture Memory size
Cache, memory management unit, DSP calculations
Internal PROM/…
I/O ports
Cost

5. Selection of MCU… Additional checklists
Cost when single chip and when MCU interfaces to circuit with some features
Major building blocks of hardware cost and availability
Major building blocks of software cost and availability
Ease of integration
Design team expertise
Manpower

6. Internal structure of a MC

7. At times, a microcontroller can have external memory also (if there is no internal memory or extra memory interface is required).
Most modern microcontrollers are manufactured with CMOS technology, which leads to reduction in size and power loss.

8. Harvard vs. Princeton Architecture
In the late 1940's, the US Government asked Harvard and Princeton universities to come up with a computer architecture to be used in defense apps.
Princeton suggested computer architecture with a single memory interface.
Princeton architecture was accepted for simplicity and ease of implementation

9. Harvard suggested a computer with two different memory interfaces, one for the data / variables and the other for program / instructions.
Harvard architecture became popular later, due to the parallelism of instruction execution.

10. Von Neumann architecture?
Von Neumann architecture  after the name of the chief scientist of the project in Princeton University John Von Neumann ( Born in Budapest, Hungary).
How to remember?
PN [junction!]  Princeton Neumann

11. Princeton /single mem interface

12. Harvard architecture

13. 8051 microcontroller

14. 8051 8051 employs Harvard [2] architecture.
8-bit CPU bit Program Counter
8-bit Processor Status Word (PSW)
8-bit Stack Pointer
Internal RAM of 128bytes

15. 8051… Special Function Registers (SFRs) of 128 bytes
32 I/O pins arranged as four 8-bit ports (P0 - P3)
Two 16-bit timer/counters : T0 and T1
Two external and three internal vectored interrupts
One full duplex [i.e., it can transmit and receive simultaneously] serial I/O
has about 111 instructions

16. Intel 8051/8031 architecture
CPU has the control and sequencing logic circuits, ALU, Flags, clock
Program mem - ROM
Interrupt control ckt
Internal timing devices – timer
Serial interface
Data mem - RAM

17. Intel 8051/8031… Special function registers Ports
Register banks – 4 set of registers
RST – reset pin
INT – interrupt pins
VCC – voltage supply pin
GND

18. Intel 8051/8031 architecture
CPU has the control and sequencing logic circuits, ALU, Flags, clock
Program mem - ROM
Interrupt control ckt
Internal timing devices – timer
Serial interface
Data mem – RAM
See –

19. Intel 8051/8031… Special function registers Ports
Register banks – 4 set of registers
RST – reset pin
INT – interrupt pins
VCC – voltage supply pin
GND
Courtesy –
‘PIC Microcontroller and Embedded Systems, by MA Mazidi et al., Pearson, 2012