1. British and American English
Lebishka Seloska April 26, 2018

2. The presence of rhotic accent Differences in vowel pronunciation
Differences in consonant pronunciation
Change of stress

3. Rhotic Accent American English- rhotic a) farm /fa:rm/ herd /hərd/
British English – non rhotic ( /r/ is never pronounced unless it is immediately followed by a vowel).
b)herd /hɜ:d/ farm /fa:m/
/r/ followed by vowel uttered in both AmE and BrE red /red/ sorry /ˈsɒrɪ/ Intrusive R ( insert ion of /r/ when it does not occur in spelling) idea of it ‘ the idea of it ‘ /ði aɪˈdɪər əv ɪt/

4. Differences in vowel pronunciation
Change of Diphthong [əʊ] to [oʊ] Change of the mid central unrounded vowel [ə] to the close-mid back rounded vowel [o] in the first vowel of the diphthong.

5. Change of Vowel [ɒ]
In British English that sound is pronounced as an open back rounded short sound [ɒ], as in hot [hɒt]
In American English it is pronounced either as an open back unrounded long sound [ɑ:], as in hot [hɑ:t], or as an open-mid back rounded long vowel [ɔ:], as in dog [dɔ:g].
stop : /stɒp/ > /sta:p/ want / wɒnt/ > /wa:nt/
The change took place because of two phonological phenomena: the father-bother merger and the lot-cloth split.

6. Change of [æ]
Words pronounced with [æs] in GA but with [ɑ:s] in RP: brass, master Exceptions: crass, gas
Words pronounced with [æf] in GA with [ɑ:f] in RP: calf, giraffe
Words pronounced with [æɵ] in GA with [ɑ:ɵ] in RP: bath, path. Exceptions: math
Words pronounced with [ænt] in GA with [ɑ:nt] in RP: aunt, can’t, advantage. Exceptions: mantle.
Words pronounced with [æmp] in GA with [ɑ:mp] in RP: sample Exceptions: trample.

7. After [r], as in rude[ru:d], prude [pru:d] and extrude [ɪkˈstru:d].
/j/-dropping (yod-dropping): change from [ju:] to [u:]
Yod-dropping i.e. the omission of /j/ before [u:] takes place in RP and GA in the following cases:
After the post-alveolar affricates [ʧ] and [ʤ], as in chew [ʧu:], juice [ʤu:s], and Jew [ʤu:]
After [r], as in rude[ru:d], prude [pru:d] and extrude [ɪkˈstru:d].
After clusters formed by a consonant followed by [l], as in blue [blu:], flu [flu:], and slew [slu:]
After [s] and [z], as in suit [su:t], Zeus [zu:s], assume [əˈsu:m]
After [l], as in lute [lu:t], and pollute [pəˈlu:t]
Especially in GA, after [t], [d], and [n], as in tune [tu:n], stew [stu:], student [ˈstu:dənt], dew [du:], duty [ˈdu:tɪ], produce [prəˈdu:s], and new [nu:]

8. Differences in Consonant Pronunciation
In American English, the letter <t> is pronounced in six different ways:
As an aspirated sound [th]: potential [pəˈthenʃl], [t]:tempting[ˈthemptɪɳ]
As an unaspirated sound [t]: stop[stɑ:p], pet[pet]
As a flapped sound [ɾ]( t – voicing): water[ˈwɔ:tər] / What is this?[ˈwʌɾɪzˈ∂ɪz]
As a glottal stop [ʔ]:put[puʔ]
As a glottalized stop [tʔ] : mutton[ˈmʌtʔn], or curtain[ˈkɜ:rtʔn]
The sound [t] could be completely omitted : winter[ˈwɪnə] or center[ˈsenər] ( distinctive for AmE)

9. Change of Stress
French Loanwords In GA French loanwords have a final-syllable stress, while RP stresses an earlier syllable. First-syllable stress in RP but second-syllable stress in GA: adult, baton, beret, bidet, blasé, brochure, buffet, café. Second-syllable stress in RP but last-syllable stress in GA: attaché, consommé, décolleté, fiancé(e). Common words where GA has a first-syllable stress and RP has last-syllable are address, cigarette, magazine.

10. Suffixes
-ate
First-syllable stress in GA and second-syllable stress in RP   dictate, donate, locate, migrate, placate, pulsate, rotate
-ary
GA -ary [eri], RP the pronunciation is [əri] contrary, corollary, honorary.
-ory preceding syllable unstressed, then RP still keeps the pronunciation [əri], but GA prefers [ɔ:ri], : accusatory, amatory, derogatory. preceding syllable is stressed in most cases RP drops the sound schwa and GA keeps the sound [ɔ:], as in conservatory, pronounced [kənˈsɜ:vtri] in British English and [kənˈsɜ:rvtɔ:ri] in American English. Exceptions to this last rule are advisory, contradictory, compulsory, cursory
-berry:
In general, GA tends to pronounce the full suffix as [beri] and RP tends to either substitute [e] by schwa, yielding [əri]
-mony:
Suffix -mony after a stressed syllable is pronounced [moʊni] in GA and [məni] in RP.