1. Various Tools of Evidence-Based Legislation
Session 6
Various Tools of Evidence-Based Legislation

2. Evidence-Based Legislation
Various Tools of
Evidence-Based Legislation
Basic Action Research
Problem Tree Analysis
Legislative Tracking
Political Mapping

3. Basic Action Research Model
OBSERVATION
EVALUATION
DATA GATHERING
ACTION
DATA ANALYSIS

4. Basic Action Research Model
Stage 1. Observation
The active use of the five senses for the purpose of perceiving, taking notice of, and understanding the environment
Stage 2. Data Gathering
The systematic collection, collation, and recording of observed phenomena that constitute facts or information

5. Basic Action Research Model
Stage 3. Data Analysis
The detailed examination of evidence to determine problems, form inferences about possible solutions, and make conclusions as to the best course of action
Stage 4. Action
The specific decisions and strategies designed to address the identified problems

6. Basic Action Research Model
Stage 5. Evaluation
Assessment of the program of action’s effectiveness in bringing about a positive change in the environment
But notice that the arrows in the model are interlocked in a circular motion arrangement, suggesting that in reality, action research is a dynamic, continuing process

7. Basic Action Research Model
OBSERVATION
EVALUATION
DATA GATHERING
ACTION
DATA ANALYSIS

8. Problem Tree Analysis
Problem analysis - the process of identifying the causes, symptoms, and effects of a problem, formulating possible alternative solutions, and recommending the most effective and efficient options
The whole tree represents the general problem that needs to be addressed by a policy and/or legislative measure

9. Problem Tree Analysis
The “leaves” at the top of the tree are not the real or principal causes of the problem, but are mere symptoms
On the other hand, the “branches” in the middle may be considered as only secondary causes of the problem
At the bottom of the tree are the “roots” which are the principal or root causes of the problem

10. DETERIORATING SLUM CONDITIONS
Problem Tree Analysis
DETERIORATING SLUM CONDITIONS
Poor health/
Malnutrition of children
Crimes against
property
Drug addiction
Prostitution
Lack of housing
facilities
Rural outmigration
Lack of livelihood
opportunities
Overpopulation

11. Legislative Tracking and Analysis
Refers to the process of monitoring
the implementation or enforcement
of an ordinance or a resolution
enacted by the legislature
to determine its effectiveness
or non-effectiveness

12. Legislative Tracking and Analysis
It evaluates the viability of an enacted measure in terms of satisfying specific needs of target groups in the community for which such measure is addressed
It assesses the effects of the enacted measure on identified needs that may require further legislative action
It provides feedback on the enforceability of an enacted measure, or the lack of it

13. Legislative Tracking and Analysis
Determine actual enforcement through inquiries with implementing agency
Determine familiarity of target population with said measure through surveys or interviews of affected individuals
Assess effectiveness of the enforced measure through dialogues
Report feedback and recommend options to the legislature

14. Legislative Tracking and Analysis
SOURCES OF
EVIDENCE/
DATA
Implementation
of approved measures
LCE
Processing of data
in aid of legislation
SANGGUNIAN
Formulation/
enactment of legislation

15. Political Mapping A technique to record and analyze
the alliances and/or positions
of political actors or stakeholders
within a specific policy area

16. Political Mapping
Who are the players who have a particular interest in the policy issue?
What are their respective characteristics, positions, motivations, power, and influence related to the policy issue?

17. Political Mapping
Who stands to gain or lose by reason of the policy issue?
Who could be included or excluded in the proposed policy?
What strategies can be applied to influence the policy actor?

18. Political Mapping Matrix
Support
Neutral
Opposition
High
Med
Low