1. WWII: the Homefront
Mr. Turner

2. Women Help with the War Effort
The war drastically changed the role of women in the US
Over 6 million women entered the workforce
Women did clerical work as well as well as “heavy industry” work in defense factories
200,000 women joined the military in noncombat roles

3. “Rosie the Riveter”

4. African-Americans Demand Equal Treatment
Government and military jobs remained segregated
National defense employers hired few African-Americans
Started the “Double V” campaign - victory abroad against fascism and victory at home against discrimination

5. FDR Responds
FDR did not want to deal with Civil Rights during the war, however;
A. Philip Randolph organized and threatened a march on Washington
FDR issued Exec. Order fair hiring practices and established the Fair Employment Practices Commission
NAACP membership grew - set the course for Civil Rights campaigns in the future

6. Mexican Americans and WWII
The US started the bracero program - brought Mexican workers to work on American farms
Brought several hundred thousand Mexican laborers to US
Mexican-Americans faced discrimination
Zoot suit Riots
Many Mexican-American youths wore zoot suits
Mobs of off-duty sailors attacked the “zooters”
“Zooters” were arrested rather than the sailors

7. Civil Liberties Challenged
“Enemy aliens” had to register with the government
German, Italian, and Japanese aliens were arrested or deported if deemed threats to US
FDR eventually removed Germans and Italians from the enemy alien list
However, Japanese Alien, and Japanese Americans were not removed

8. Japanese-Americans
FDR issued Exec. Order 9066 in created war zones where anyone may be removed for any reason
Over 100,000 Japanese immigrants and citizens were forced to move from the west coast
The War Department created internment camps for people of Japanese heritage

10. Japanese-Americans
Korematsu v. United States - Supreme Court upheld that wartime internment policy
Certain civil liberties can be taken away during wartime
1988- Citizens who had been interned were offered an apology and $20,000

11. Supporting the War Effort
Victory Gardens
War Bonds
Rationing
Oil, butter, tires, food
Propaganda
Office of War Information worked with media to create support for the war
Recycling
Metal, rubber, paper