1. Government Write This Down:
Workbook:
5.1 and 5.2 Due Wednesday 2-22
5.3 Due Thursday 2-23
5.4 Due Friday 2-24
5.5 Due Monday 2-27
Quizzes
5.1 and 5.2 Wednesday 2-22
5.3 Thursday 2-23
5.4 Friday 2-24
Vocabulary Due Monday 2-27
Chapter 5 Test Tuesday 2-28

2. Section 5.1 – Parties and What They Do
After taking PPT Notes, TSWBAT define a political party and list the major functions of a political party.

3. Political Parties
A political party is a group of persons who seek to control government by winning elections and holding office.
The two major parties are the Republican and Democratic parties.
Parties can be principle-oriented, issue-oriented, or election-oriented. The American parties are election-oriented.

4. What do Parties Do? Nominate Candidates Inform and Activate Supporters
Recruit, choose, and present candidates for public office.
Inform and Activate Supporters
Campaign, define issues, and criticize other candidates.
Act as a Bonding Agent/Quality Control for candidates
Guarantee that their candidate is worthy of the office.

5. What do Parties do? Govern their members
Members of government act according to their partisanship, or firm allegiance to a party.
Act as a Watchdog against other political parties
Parties that are out of power keep a close eye on the actions of the party in power for a blunder to use against them in the next election.

6. Section 5.2 – The Two-Party System
After taking PPT Notes, TSWBAT list reasons for a two-party system, why people are likely to join a political party, and reasons they choose one party over another.

7. Why a Two-Party System? The Historical Basis.
The nation started out with two-parties: the Federalists and the Anti-Federalists.
The Force of Tradition. America has a two-party system because it always has had one.
Minor parties, lacking wide political support, have never made a successful showing, so people are reluctant to support them. Ex. Green Party

8. Why a Two-Party System? The Electoral System.
It is easy to narrow it down to 2-3 candidates.
Ideological Consensus. Most Americans agree with one party or the other.
Conditions that would spark several strong rival parties do not exist in the United States.

9. Party Membership Patterns
Factors that can influence party membership:
Family
Major events
Economic Status
Religion
Occupation
Age

10. Closure
Today we defined political parties, listed the major functions of a political party, listed reasons for a two-party system, learned why people are likely to join a political party, and the reasons they choose one party over another.
Please work on your Vocabulary and Workbook for the rest of class.

11. Quiz Time
Take 5 minutes to study for your quiz.
Know: definition of a political party, two original political parties, the focus of American political parties, functions of political parties, reasons why we have a two party system and why people join one political party over another.

12. Section 5.3 The Two-Party System
After taking PPT Notes, TSWBAT Understand the origins of political parties in the United States and List and describe the 4 periods of political parties in American History.

13. 1st Political Parties Anti-Federalists Federalists
Led by Thomas Jefferson
Represented the “common man”
Favored Congress most powerful branch and a strict interpretation of the Constitution
Federalists
Led by Alexander Hamilton
Represented wealthy and upper-class interests
Favored strong executive branch and liberal interpretation of the Constitution

14. 4 Major Era’s of Political Parties
The Era of the Democrats, 1800—1860
Democrats win all but two presidential elections.
The Whig Party s electing only two Presidents.
The Republican Party is founded in 1854.

15. 4 Major Era’s of Political Parties
2. The Era of the Republicans, 1860—1932
Republicans win all but four presidential elections.
The Civil War weakens the Democratic Party for the remainder of the 1800s.
Democrats backed the South, This made them look bad.

16. 4 Major Era’s of Political Parties
3. The Return of the Democrats, 1932—1968
Democrats dominate all but two presidential elections.
Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt is elected President four times.

17. The Start of a New Era: 4. The Era of Divided Government, 1968-Pres.
-neither Republicans nor Democrats have dominated the presidency.
-Congress has often been controlled by the opposing party.

18. 1968–1976
Republicans hold the presidency
Congress is controlled by Democrats
1976–1980
Democrats hold the presidency
Congress is controlled by Democrats
1980–1992
Republicans hold the presidency
Senate controlled by Republicans , controlled by Democrats from 1986 to 1994
1992 – 2000
Democrats hold the presidency
Congress controlled by Republicans, 1994 to present
2000
Republicans hold the presidency
Congress is controlled by Republicans

19. Please work on your Vocabulary and Workbook for the rest of class.
Closure
Today we discussed the origins of political parties in the United States and the 4 periods of political parties in American History.
Please work on your Vocabulary and Workbook for the rest of class.

20. Quiz Time
Take 5 minutes to study for your quiz.
Objectives being assessed: list and describe the origins of political parties in the United States and the 4 periods of political parties in American History.

21. Section 5.4: Minor Parties
Be ready to answer when class begins:
1. What were the two original political parties?
2. What are the two parties that we have today?
3. Name a third party that we talked about.

22. Section 5.4: Minor Parties
After taking PPT Notes, TSWBAT list the types of minor parties and list and explain the three reasons why minor parties are important.

23. Types of Minor Parties Ideological Parties: Libertarian party
Parties based on a particular set of beliefs.
Libertarians believe in extreme individual liberty and extremely limited Government.
Single issue parties: Minnesota Grassroots Party
Normally not taken very seriously. Can bring attention to un-addressed issues.
Economic Protest Party: The Greenback Party
Only have power in times of economic hardship.
Once the hardship is over people forget and things get back to normal.
Splinter Party: “Bull Moose” Progressive Party
A split from one of the major parties, normally over one issue.

25. Why are they important? 1. “Spoiler Role”
Minor party candidates can pull decisive votes away from one of the major parties’ candidates, especially if the minor party candidate is from a splinter party.
This can cost one of the majority parties the election.
Rep: 60% Dem: 40%
Rep: 30% Splinter 30% Dem: 40%

26. Why are they important? ctd.
2. Critic
Minor parties, especially single-issue parties, often take stands on and draw attention to controversial issues that the major parties would prefer to ignore.
Minnesota Grassroots party: Only issue they talk about or are concerned with is the complete legalization of marijuana.

27. Why they are important ctd.
3. Innovator
Often, minor parties will draw attention to important issues and propose innovative solutions to problems.
If these proposals gain popular support, they are often integrated into the platforms of the two major parties.

28. Practice Categorize this Party

29. Closure
You are now able to list the types of minor parties and list and explain the three reasons why minor parties are important.

30. Quiz Time
Take 5 minutes to study for your quiz.
Objectives being assessed: list the types of minor parties and list and explain the reasons why minor parties are important.

31. Section 5.5: Party Organization
After taking PPT Notes, TSWBAT explain why parties have a decentralized nature, explain how the parties are organized at the National, state and local levels, and list the three components of a political party.

32. Decentralized Nature of the Parties
Both of the major parties are highly decentralized and fragmented.
Broken into pieces with different people in charge of each fragment and subgroup.
WHY?
The party out of power lacks a strong leader.
If there is no president, there is no central leader.
The federal system spreads power out.
There are factions of each party in every state and city in the US.
The nominating process pits party members against one another.
There can only be one winner and losers might be sore over not being nominated.

33. The National Party Organization
The 4 components work loosely together:
National Convention
In charge of nominating presidential and vice-presidential candidates.
National Chairperson
Person in charge of the national convention.
Congressional Campaign Committees
Work to get congressional members elected.
National Committee
People “in charge” between national conventions.

34. State and Local Party Machinery
States and local parties work like this:
States are divided into districts;
Districts are divided into wards
Wards are divided into Precincts.

35. 3 parts of a Political Party
1. The Party Organization:
Those who run and control the party machinery.
They are non elected officials that serve as organizers and oversee the nomination process, set up rallies, fundraisers etc.
2. The Party in the Electorate
Those who always or almost always vote for party candidates.
The Voters(people who the others can count on for support)
3. The Party in Government
Those who hold office in the government.
The elected officials. Often seen as the figureheads of the party.

36. Closure
Today you learned how to explain the decentralized nature of parties, explain how the parties are organized at the national, state and local levels, and how to list the three components of a political party.