1. People watched Love Island because deep down they love happy endings
Intelligent people went on Love Island because they want to be seen as sexy

2. Reorder the words into a sentence
WHAT IS PSYCHOLOGY? of
scientific
study
The
and
behaviour
brain
Reorder the words into a sentence
Summer prep deadline
Friday 13/9/19

3. The scientific study of the brain and behaviour
WHAT IS PSYCHOLOGY?
The scientific study of the brain and behaviour

4. Starter Task: True / False
Page 1

5. How Do Psychologists Study Behaviour?

6. There are 4 ways in which psychologists do research:
By asking people questions – but they could lie
By watching people – but they might know they are being watched
By meddling with them – but is it ethical?
By looking at the links between things – do links always show that caused something?
We call these:
1. Self - reports
2. Observations
3. Experiments
4. Correlations

7. There are 4 ways in which psychologists do research:
Experiments
Self-reports
Observations
Correlations

8. Experiments
Can manipulate one variable (something that varies) and keep everything else the same.
Allocate participants into groups.
If the groups think or behave differently then you know it’s the thing you have manipulated (the independent variable - IV) that caused the different result (the dependent variable - DV), as everything else was kept the same.
Evaluation
One of the most scientific ways to find
evidence.
But they are often done in unrealistic environments.
Page 2

9. Experiments
Identify one thing you could change / manipulate between two groups to see if it makes a difference in their intelligence test scores? (e.g.: hot room/cold room, drinking coffee/not drinking coffee).

10. Self-Report • Can ask people how they think and behave.
• Can conduct interviews or fill in questionnaires.
• Psychologists collect the data and make conclusions about how people think and behave.
Evaluation
• People can sometimes not understand themselves, or not tell you the truth, or only tell you about their intentions.

11. Self-Report 2. How many different ways can you conduct a self-report?
Page 2

12. Page 2
Self-Report
3. What is a question people are unlikely to tell you the truth about.
Have you been working hard?
Does my bum look big in this?
Why were you on your phone on top field?
What is your biggest weakness?

13. Observation • Can watch how they behave.
• Focuses on their observable behaviour.
• Gather data and make conclusions based only on what you can observe.
Evaluation
• People may change their behaviour if they know they are being observed.
• Watching behaviour does not show thoughts

14. Page 3
Observation
4. Why might two different people who have observed the same event not agreed on what they saw?

15. Observation 5. Why might people complain about being observed?
Page 3
Observation
5. Why might people complain about being observed?

16. Page 3
Correlations
Determining the extent of a relationship between 2 variables (things that change)

17. Correlations Evaluation
Page 3
Correlations
Evaluation
• Correlations tell us about the relationships between variables, but not if one variable caused the other.
• Helpful to do when it is unethical to split people into different groups and treat them differently (such as deliberate neglect of a group of children) or when it is impractical or impossible to manipulate the variables (such as make one group rich and one group poor).

18. Correlations
6. Does having no friends make us unhappy or does being unhappy make us lose friends?
7. Identify two variables that are related – positively or negatively correlated? (e.g. height/shoe size, age/intelligence)

19. Time Season Birth Personality
Google:
Time Season Birth Personality

20. How can
the different research methods be used to study the same topic?

21. Watching sleep-deprived people do tricky cognitive tasks
E.g. the effect of sleep on learning:
Ask people for their experiences of how well they perform in thinking tasks when they have been deprived of some sleep
Watching sleep-deprived people do tricky cognitive tasks
Spend time with someone with narcolepsy, using a range of techniques like interviewing them, questionnaires for their family, observing them
Depriving people of sleep and then testing them
Matching the data from a sleep quality app and A Level performance
Page 4

22. How can the different research methods be used to study the same topic?
Experiment / Self-Report / Observation / Correlation
Ask people for their experiences of how well they perform in thinking tasks when deprived of some sleep.
Depriving people of sleep and then testing them using the Bop it
Matching the data from a sleep quality app and A Level performance
Watching sleep-deprived people do tricky thinking tasks

23. How can the different research methods be used to study the same topic?
Experiment / Self-Report / Observation / Correlation
Ask people for their experiences of how well they perform in thinking tasks when deprived of some sleep.
 Self-report
Depriving people of sleep and then testing them using the Bop it
 Experiment
Matching the data from a sleep quality app and A Level performance
 Correlation
Watching sleep-deprived people do tricky thinking tasks
Observation

24. Choose a topic to write about
OR what causes:
Autism
Eating disorders
Forgetfulness
People to commit crime
Phobias
Success in sport

25. Your description of HOW you will study this needs to be as detailed as possible for ‘replication’.

26. Your description of HOW you will study this needs to be as detailed as possible for ‘replication’.

27. Does watching TV improve or worsen your verbal ability?

28. Does watching TV improve or worsen your verbal ability?
Programmes which come to a conclusion help you write essays which come to a conclusion. You learn by listening how to structure your points.
Worsen
Listening to others does not help you write better yourself, as you cannot visualise sentence structure. It is usually all speech on TV, rather than ideas and arguments.

30. Which method would you use to explain this behaviour?

31. No research method is perfect
No research method is perfect. Each has its own strengths and weaknesses. In Psychology we need to work out which research method is the best to use when looking at each type of behaviour.
Strengths
Weaknesses

32. When evaluating in Psychology, we have to flex our P.E.C.s
Point
Explanation of why this matters
Context

33. Flex your PECs Point Points Explanation of why this matters
Context
Points
One advantage of using correlational analysis is that if two variables are correlated, it is possible to predict one variable from the other.
One disadvantage of using correlational analysis is that even if two variables are correlated, we cannot assume that one caused the other.

34. Explanations of why this matters
Flex your PECs
Point
Explanation of why this matters
Context
Explanations of why this matters
This is useful because …
This is a problem because …
Even if… it is still possible

35. Flex your PECs Point Context Explanation of why this matters
Words that are unique to this situation and could not easily be used elsewhere. TV
Verbal ability

36. Flex your PECs
One advantage of using correlational analysis is that if two variables are correlated, it is possible to predict one variable from the other.
This is useful because if the amount of time a person spends watching TV is related to their verbal ability we can advise students who have essays to write in exams to reduce the amount of time they spend watching TV.
Point
Explanation of why this matters
Context

37. Flex your PECs
One disadvantage of using correlational analysis is that even if two variables are correlated, we cannot assume that one caused the other.
Even if there is a negative relationship between hours spent watching TV and verbal ability it is possible that some other variable may also be involved.
Point
Explanation of why this matters
Context

38. Recap the strengths and weaknesses of the 4 main research methods used in Psychology
Strengths
Weaknesses

40. Exit Question: Roll the Dice
Name the 4 types of research method in Psychology (C.O.S.E.)
Name the 2 main types of self-report (Q & I)
A strength of using a experiment to study behaviour
A strength of using an observation to study behaviour
A strength of using a self-report to study behaviour
A strength of using a correlation to study behaviour