2. Parts of a Scientific Experiment
Problem:
question an experiment is trying to answer.
usually answers: WHAT? HOW? WHY? WHEN?
What brand of mouthwash kills the most germs?
Which car body shape reduces air resistance most effectively?
Which coffee has the most caffeine?
Who is most likely to watch the movie Avengers, Infinity War?

3. Hypothesis a prediction about what will happen in the experiment.
If … then … because …
don’t use the words I, me, we, you
can change as more information gathered.
it’s okay to be wrong.

4. Hypothesis Ex. What type of gum makes the biggest bubbles?
IF Excel and Hubba bubba are compared
THEN Hubba Bubba will make bigger bubbles
BECAUSE it is a chewier gum.

5. Ex. What makes flowers grow the tallest?
IF flowers are given fertilizer
THEN they will grow taller
BECAUSE fertilizer has extra nutrients in it to help them grow.

6. Procedure list of steps to be followed. must be very detailed!
includes the variables.

8. Observations
information and measurements gathered using your 5 senses.

9. Inference
guess or assumption based on observations, previous knowledge and experience

10. What do you think? Observation Inference The cup is green
She has a blanket around her
She is holding the phone
There is coffee in the cup
She is cold
She is sick
She is calling a doctor

11. Identifying Variables
A variable is anything that can change the outcome of an experiment.
Example:
What variables might affect attendance at school?
weather, time school starts, day of the week, homelife, classes
What variables might affect how fast grass grows?
soil, water, sunlight, weather

12. Three main types of variables:
INDEPENDENT variable
changed on purpose
only ONE variable is allowed to change
DEPENDENT variable
observed
CONTROLLED variable
kept the same

13. Variable Examples
Students of different ages were given the same maze to solve. Completion time was measured.
Independent Variable:
age of students
Dependent Variable:
time to solve maze
Controlled Variables:
mazes
instructions

14. Variable Examples
A study was done to find which shampoo leaves hair the shiniest.
Independent Variable:
different brands of shampoo
Dependent Variable:
shine of hair
Controlled Variables:
how often washed
water temperature
amount of shampoo
how washed
styling after washing

15. Results
Show your findings.
Bar Graph  show comparisons

16. Conclusion 2 parts to summarize findings: Was the hypothesis correct?
Answer the question asked as the problem.
ALWAYS 2 PARTS!!!

17. Which part of a lab is that?
Put 3 drops of food colouring in the water.
PROCEDURE
The hypothesis was correct. A gas was produced.
CONCLUSION
If the paints are mixed then it will turn green because yellow and blue make green.
HYPOTHESIS
A dark blue solid formed on top of the liquid.
OBSERVATIONS

18. Which part of a lab is that?
Which month has the most lightning?
QUESTION/PROBLEM
It smelled like burnt sugar.
OBSERVATION
If it has bigger wings then it will fly farther because the wings will help it float.
HYPOTHESIS
Stir 5 times for 30 seconds.
PROCEDURE