1. Covalent
Bonding

2. Covalent Bonding
The force of attraction between atoms sharing electrons
Two or more non-metals sharing electrons to reach a full outer energy level

4. Used to show an element and the number of valence electrons.
Lewis Dot Structures
Used to show an element and the number of valence electrons.

5. Writing Lewis Dots First write the chemical symbol
Second, determine the number of valence electrons
Draw the appropriate number of dots around the symbol making sure to put one dot on each side before putting a second dot.

6. Example: Phosphorus
Symbol:
Valence e-: P 5

7. Creating Covalent Compounds
Write the Lewis Dot Structure for the elements (Remember that one dot has to go on each side before you can double up)

8. Creating Covalent Compounds
Match the open spaces on each element together until full
Count how many there are of each element and write the chemical formula

9. Example
Combine Cl and Cl Cl Cl

10. Cl Cl

11. Cl 2 Cl Cl

12. Example 2 F N

13. N F

14. N F F

15. F N F F

16. N F 3 F N F F

17. Example 3
Combine C and H C H

18. C H

19. H C H

20. H C H H

21. H C H H H

22. C H 4 H C H H H

23. Bonding Drawings
Each line between bonding atoms indicates 2 shared electrons H C H C

24. Double Bonds Sharing 4 electrons instead of 2.
Double bonds are stronger than single bonds

25. Examples O C H

26. Triple Bonds Sharing 6 electrons instead of 2.
Triple bonds are stronger than single or double bonds

27. Example C H