1. Performing Basic Vehicle Maneuvers
Chapter 6
Performing Basic Vehicle Maneuvers
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2. Chapter 6 Overview
Chapter 6 presents the basic maneuvers needed for steering, changing lanes, making turns, execution turnabouts, and parking in various situations.
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3. 6.1 : Steering, Signaling, and Changing Lanes
This section presents the basic skills for steering, signaling, and changing lanes. Proper techniques for steering straight forward and backward are introduced. The proper uses of turn-signal devices and hand signals are presented. Instructions for safely changing lanes are also included.
Following this section, I will be able to:
1. Explain how to steer straight forward and backward.
2. Describe the correct use of hand signals and explain when they might be used.
3. List the proper steps for changing lanes.
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4. 6.1 Vocabulary
At the conclusion of this section, I will be able to define:
1. oversteer
2. understeer
3. blind-spot areas
4. friction point
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5. Steering Straight Forward
Use a comfortable, balanced hand position.
Aim far ahead into your intended path of travel.
Avoid looking down at your hands or feet.
Adjustments to steering will be small but very critical. Be careful not to oversteer or understeer.
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6. Steering Straight Backward
See picture on p. 110
1. Hold brake pedal down and shift to REVERSE.
2. Turn your body to the right, place right arm over the back of passenger seat, and look through rear window.
3. Left hand at 12 o’clock on steering wheel.
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7. Steering Straight Backward
4. release brake pressure slightly to allow vehicle to go backward slowly.
5. Move the top of the steering wheel in the direction you want the back of vehicle to go as you look through the rear window.
6. Cover brake pedal while backing up while glancing to the front and sides to check traffic. Continue looking through back window as you brake to stop.
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8. Backing a Stickshift Vehicle
1. Push brake and clutch pedals down.
2. Shift to REVERSE.
3. Release brake, let clutch pedal out slowly to the friction point.
**Most stickshift vehicles can move slowly in REVERSE with the clutch at the friction point with no acceleration. Keep foot over brake pedal. To stop, push down clutch and brake for a smooth stop.
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9. Signaling
Develop the habit of signaling every time you plan to turn, change of lanes, slow, or stop.
See p. 111 for hand signals
1. Right turn signal-
2. Left turn signal-
3. Slow or stop-
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10. Changing Lanes See diagram on p. 112
Follow these steps when making a lane change:
1. Check zone in front and to the left (right)-front. Check rear zones through rearview mirrors.
2. Signal and make a blind-spot check over the shoulder in the direction that you are going.
3. Increase speed and steer smoothly into next lane if it is clear
4. Cancel your signal and adjust your speed.
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11. Review
1. Describe the procedures for steering straight forward and backward.
2. What are the three hand and arm signals for turns and stopping? When might these signals be used?
3. List the steps to follow when changing lanes.
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12. 6.2 Making Turns and Turning the Vehicle Around
This section focuses on making turns and turning the vehicle around. Hand-over-hand and push-pull steering are explained. Procedures for making right and left turns, including use of the shared left-turn lane are included. Directions are also provided for backing left and right. Directions and precautions for turnabouts are presented.
Following this section, I will be able to:
1. Describe hand-over-hand steering.
2. List the steps for making right and left turns.
3. Describe how to back left and right.
4. Describe five turnabouts and tell which is the safest to use.
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13. 6.2 Vocabulary Following this section, I will be able to define:
5. hand-over-hand steering
6. push-pull steering
7. turn-about
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14. Hand-Over-Hand Steering
Discuss
See picture on p. 113
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15. Push-Pull Steering
Discuss
See picture on p. 113
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16. Making Right and Left Turns
Make left and right turns only after checking all traffic.
Look for pedestrians, oncoming traffic, and check rear zones for a vehicle ready to pass you.
Plan turns well in advance. Be in the correct lane about a block before the turn.
Obey all traffic signs, signals, and roadway markings. Yield to oncoming traffic if making a left turn.
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17. Procedures for Turning
1. Position your car into the correct lane. Signal about ½ a block before the turn.
2. Brake early to reduce speed.
3. Check your front zones for vehicles, pedestrians, and bicyclists.
4. Slow to about 10 mph just before crosswalk.
5. For a right turn, check traffic from the left and then look to the right. Begin turn when front bumper is even with curbline.
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18. Procedures for Turning
6. For a left turn, check traffic from the left, right, and then left again. Start your turn when the front of your vehicle reaches the center of the intersection. Continue monitoring the lane you will enter.
7. Check your blind-spot and your front and rear zones. Turn into the nearest lane of traffic going in your direction. Accelerate about ½ way through the turn as you straighten your steering wheel.
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19. Shared Left-Turn Lane
Discuss
See picture on p. 114
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20. Backing Left and Right Discuss to the left and right
See diagrams on p. 115
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21. Turn the Vehicle Around
Turnabout- a maneuver to turn your vehicle around to go in the opposite direction.
Be sure local laws permit a turnabout.
Must have at least 500’ visibility.
No turnabouts near hills or curves nor within 200’ of intersections.
Never attempt a turnabout in heavy or high-speed traffic.
Continually check all zones for pedestrians and traffic.
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22. Turn the Vehicle Around
5 types of turnabouts-
1. Midblock U-turn- (p.116)
2. Back into Driveway on Right Side- (p.116)
3. Pull into Driveway on Left Side- (p. 117)
4. Pull into Driveway on Right Side- (p.117)
5. Three-Point Turnabout- (p. 118)
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23. 6.3 Parking
This section is devoted to all aspects of parking. Reference points are explained as a way to help drivers execute parking maneuvers. Specific instructions for angle, perpendicular, and parallel parking are included. Instructions are given for parking on hills.
Following this section, I will be able to:
1. Discuss reference points and how to use them as guides when parking your vehicle.
2. Describe the procedures for angle, perpendicular, and parallel parking.
3. Describe how to park uphill and downhill with and without a curb
4. Explain how to start from an uphill parking space without rolling backwards.
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24. 6.3 Vocabulary
After completing this section, I will be able to define:
8. angle parking
9. parallel parking
10. perpendicular parking
11. personal reference point
12. reference point
13. standard reference point
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25. Parking
Parking is a challenge for some people. Parking your vehicle requires speed control, steering control, and accurate judgment.
Suggestions for making parking easier and safer:
1. Find a space with plenty of room.
2. Avoid spaces at the end of parking lanes or near large vehicles.
3. Avoid spaces with a poorly parked vehicle on either side.
4. Use reference points when executing parking maneuvers.
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26. Reference Points
Reference point- is some part of the outside or inside of the vehicle, as viewed from the driver’s seat, that relates to some part of the roadway. (see picture on p. 119)
Standard reference points- a point on the vehicle that is typical for most drivers (i.e., mirror, hood ornament, bumper, etc.).
Personal reference points- an adaptation of a standard reference point for one’s own vehicle (i.e., windshield wipers, door handles, rearview mirrors, etc.).
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27. Angle Parking
Used to park your vehicle diagonally to a curb. Often used in parking lots and shopping centers.
See diagram p. 120
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28. Perpendicular Parking
Use to park your vehicle at a right angle to the curb.
See diagram on p. 120
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29. Parallel Parking
Use to park your vehicle parallel to the curb. Space should be 5 or 6 feet longer than your vehicle. Be 2-3 feet away from car next to you.
Discuss procedures
See diagram on p. 121
Describe procedures for leaving a parallel parking space
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30. Parking on Hills
Must park to keep your vehicle from rolling down hill into traffic.
Always turn your front wheels and set the parking brake.
Follow these procedures for parking uphill or downhill on the right side of the right:
1. Uphill Parking with a Curb (UCLA)-
2. Uphill Parking with No Curb-
3. Downhill Parking with a Curb-
4. Downhill Parking with No Curb-
5. Starting on a Hill (automatic, stickshift)
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