1. Heavy Flavor and Strangeness at the PHENIX Experiment
Marzia Rosati
Iowa State University
for the PHENIX Collaboration
International Conference on Strangeness in Quark Matter 2008
Beijing, China
October

2. Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University
Introduction
Thermalized, hot, and dense matter is created at RHIC.
What are the properties of this matter and how do we study them?
Thermalized: collective flow
Partonic: flow scaling with nq
Dense: suppresses high PT hadrons, heavy quarks, J/y
Strongly coupled: heavy quarks flow
Focus today on PHENIX measurements of
Strangeness
Heavy flavor
Quarkonia
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Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University

3. Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University
PHENIX Experiment
Central Arms
Forward Arms h μ
Muons
-2.2<η< <η<2.2 ΔΦ=2π
muons decays p>2 GeV/c
Hadrons, electron, photons
|η|< ΔΦ= 2 x π/2
Momentum resolution p/p ~ 1%  1% p
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Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University

4. PHENIX “new” detectors & data
TOF W: PID at high pT
MultiGap RPC
TOF resolution~75ps
Muon Piston Cal: Forward physics in pp Reaction Plane in AA 400 PbWO4 crystals 3.1< || < 3.7
RxNP: Reaction plane in AA Trigger for low energy runs 2 rings of scintillator counters  = 1.0  1.5,  = 1.5  2.8
Recent DataSets:
Run 7 Au+Au 3 times the Run4 Au+Au - some results
Run8 d+Au is 30 times the Run 3 d+Au - ongoing analysis
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Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University

5. Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University
Strangeness Measurements
K+K-
p+p
p+p
Work in progress
e+e-
p+p
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Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University

6. Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University
f meson spectra
d+Au
p+p
PHENIX measures clear signal of K+K- in all collision systems
Two independent analyses agree in Au+Au and p+p
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Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University

7. Nuclear Modification Factor
f suppression factor different from p0, h, and proton
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Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University

8. Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University
Azimuthal anysotropy
In non central collisions, almond shaped interaction region results in a pressure gradient
More particles are emitted ‘in plane’ than ‘out of plane’
Réaction Plane ψRP
The phi interaction with hadrons is suppressed by the OZI rule we expect smaller v2 if flow is established in the hadronic phase
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Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University

9. Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University
f Elliptic Flow – v2
Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, (2007)
D.Sharma, Session 8, 10/07 17:15h
f follows universal scaling for baryons and mesons
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Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University

10. Elliptic Flow – v2 at high pT
S.Huang, Session III, 10/09 14:20h
KET/nq(GeV/c2)
V2/nq
KET/nq(GeV/c2)
V2/nq
Baryon/meson scaling breaks at about 1GeV
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Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University

11. Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University
Heavy Quark Measurements K+ p- K+ D0 p- B0 b b b D- b B0
indirect measurement using semileptonic heavy-flavor decays:
Measure contribution of heavy flavor to lepton spectra and even separate charm and bottom
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Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University

12. Heavy Quark in p+p Collisions
PRL 97, (2006)
|y|<0.35
PHENIX Preliminary
1.4<y<1.9
Measurements in agreement with pQCD calculations within large theoretical uncertainty
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Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University

13. Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University
Heavy Flavor in Au+Au
binary scaling of total e± yield from heavy-flavor decays
hard process production and no destruction
high pT e± suppression increasing with centrality
similar to p0 suppression
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Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University

14. Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University
pT dependence of RAA
intermediate pT indication for quark mass hierarchy as expected for radiative energy loss
Dokshitzer and Kharzeev, PLB 519(2001)199
highest pT
RAA(e±)~RAA(p0)~RAA(h)
Heavy quark nuclear modification factor similar to light hadrons
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Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University

15. Heavy Flavor Elliptic Flow
Significant v2
high density
small diffusion coefficient
Need to distinguish bottom from charm to find out if bottom flows
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Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University

16. Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University
Heavy Flavor v2
good agreement with Langevin based transport calculation including resonant elastic scattering (radiative DE + collisional DE included )
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Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University

17. Estimating h/s from heavy quarks
Conjecture quantum limit motivated by AdS/CFT* and derived by P. Kovtun, D.T. Son, A.O. Starinets (PRL94, ) for the minimum viscosity suggest
Diffusion coefficient required for simultaneous fit of RAA and v2 [Rapp & van Hees PRC 71, (2005)]
(4p)
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Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University

18. B measurement in p+p collisions
Measurement of invariant mass for electron-hadron pairs to select Dken
bottom fraction in non-photonic electrons is dominant above 4GeV
Excess below 1.9 GeV is charm
Is bottom also suppressed in Au+Au above 5GeV ?
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Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University
Y.Morino, Session II, 10/09 15:40h

19. Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University
Quarkonia Measurements
J/ψ → e+e-
J/ψ → μ+μ-
PHENIX measures:
J/’  e+e-, +-
C  J/ + 
Di-lepton mass peaks must be separated from di-lepton physics backgrounds + combinatorial background
AuAu
AuAu
L.A. Linden Levy, Session 5, 10/07 9:30h
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Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University

20. Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University
J/ψ in p+p collisions
PRL98, (2007)
Comparison J/y production mechanisms
Wide kinematic range, good baseline to heavy ion yields
BR(J/yl+l-)s(J/y)=178 ± 3(stat) ± 53(syst) ± 18(norm) nb
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Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University

21. Suppression Factor in Au+Au Collisions
Forward rapidity more suppressed than mid-rapidity
Does the J/ show anomalous suppression? Need a precise measurement of cold nuclear matter effects
Recombination: could potentially explain suppression versus centrality: measure J/y flow
L.A. Linden Levy, Session 5, 10/07 9:30h
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Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University

22. Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University
J/y flow measurement
data is inconclusive regarding coalescence
Needs much higher statistics
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Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University

23. Run8 - dAu Upgrades Future is bright ! - e- e+
Data with Hadron Blind Detector: improve low mass electron pairs
Silicon Vertex Detector: direct open charm and bottom mid and forward rapidity
Nosecone Calorimeter : forward rapidity photons  c
Forward Muon Upgrades: higher PT
Finally, I would like to say a few words about future measurements at Phenix. In the coming years there will be several important upgrades to the Phenix experimental setup, which will allow to make more revealing measurements. We'll be able to measure low mass e pairs, make direct measurements of open charm and separate charm from beauty, identify hadrons to higher pt,..... e+ e-
pair
opening angle
HBD

24. Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University
The PHENIX Collaboration
Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Física, Caixa Postal 66318, São Paulo CEP , Brazil
Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
China Institute of Atomic Energy (CIAE), Beijing, People's Republic of China
Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
Charles University, Ovocnytrh 5, Praha 1, , Prague, Czech Republic
Czech Technical University, Zikova 4, Prague 6, Czech Republic
Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2,
Prague 8, Czech Republic
Helsinki Institute of Physics and University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FI Jyväskylä, Finland
Dapnia, CEA Saclay, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay,
F-91128, Palaiseau, France
Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire (LPC), Université Blaise Pascal, CNRS-IN2P3,
Clermont-Fd, Aubiere Cedex, France
IPN-Orsay, Universite Paris Sud, CNRS-IN2P3, BP1, F-91406, Orsay, France
SUBATECH (Ecole des Mines de Nantes, CNRS-IN2P3, Université de Nantes)
BP , Nantes, France
Institut für Kernphysik, University of Münster, D Münster, Germany
Debrecen University, H-4010 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Hungary
ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, H Budapest, Pázmány P. s. 1/A, Hungary
KFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA KFKI RMKI),
H-1525 Budapest 114, POBox 49, Budapest, Hungary
Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi , India
Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay , India
Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo,
Tokyo , Japan
Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima , Japan
KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki , Japan
Kyoto University, Kyoto , Japan
Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science, Nagasaki-shi, Nagasaki , Japan
RIKEN, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Wako, Saitama , Japan
Physics Department, Rikkyo University, Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo , Japan
Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Oh-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo , Japan
Institute of Physics, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
Waseda University, Advanced Research Institute for Science and Engineering, 17 Kikui-cho,
Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo , Japan
Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
Ewha Womans University, Seoul , Korea
KAERI, Cyclotron Application Laboratory, Seoul, South Korea
Kangnung National University, Kangnung , South Korea
Korea University, Seoul, , Korea
Myongji University, Yongin, Kyonggido , Korea
System Electronics Laboratory, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul , Korea
IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics,
Protvino, , Russia
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
Russian Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, Russia
PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad region, , Russia
Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Vorob'evy Gory,
Moscow , Russia
Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE Lund, Sweden
14 Countries; 69 Institutions
July 2007
Abilene Christian University, Abilene, TX 79699, U.S.
Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY , U.S.
Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY , U.S.
University of California - Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, U.S.
University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, U.S.
Columbia University, New York, NY and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, NY 10533, U.S.
Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL 32901, U.S.
Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, U.S.
Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, U.S.
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, U.S.
Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, U.S.
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, U.S.
Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, U.S.
University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, U.S.
Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA , U.S.
Muhlenberg College, Allentown, PA , U.S.
University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, U.S.
New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, U.S.
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, U.S.
RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY , U.S.
Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, SUNY, NY , U.S.
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, NY 11794, U.S.
University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, U.S.
Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, U.S.
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25. Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University
Backup Slides
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26. Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University
PHENIX Capabilities
In p-p collisions, all spectra can be described by fitting 0’s with modified Hagedorn function and applying mT scaling.
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Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University

27. Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University
y’ measurement
PHENIX preliminary
BR(y’e+e-)s(y’) / BR(J/ye+e)s(J/y)
=0.019 ± (stat) (syst)
PDG 2007 values
BR(J/ye+e-)=5.94 ± 0.06%
BR(y’e+e-)=0.743 ± 0.018%
BR(y’J/y+X)=56.9 ± 0.9%
s(y’)/s(J/y)=0.15 ± 0.04
Feed-down fraction of J/y from y’ is ±
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Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University

28. Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University
c measurement
4145 J/y give
~80 cc candidates
=10.24/8
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Marzia Rosati - Iowa State University