1. Will Meet Tonight After Services
Group # 1
Will Meet Tonight After Services

2. El Bethel Church of Christ
Gospel Meeting
March 14-17, 2019
Do We Believe the Genesis Account?
Thurs 7:00 PM – Starting at the Very Beginning (Gen. 1)
Fri 7:00 PM – Paradise Gained, Paradise Lost
Sat 7:00 PM – The Water that Washed the World
Sun 9:00 AM – Can We Really Believe the Biblical Record?
Sun 9:50 AM – Theistic Evolution (part 1)
Sun 5:30 PM – Theistic Evolution (part 2)
El Bethel Church of Christ
1801 Highway 41-A North ♦ Shelbyville, TN 37160
Rick Duggin
Knoxville, TN

3. Quiet Please!
Let us Prepare For Worship

5. Worldliness Worldliness has always been a problem for God’s people
OT (Num. 11:4; Deut. 7)
NT (1 Cor. 5; 1 Jno. 2:15-17)
Battle the problem:
As a church – deal with those given to worldly ways
As an individual – battle with the temptations, etc.

6. How Do We Know About Worldliness? Understanding Worldliness
A Series
Understanding Worldliness
What Not to Say?
Dancing is Wrong?
Social Drinking is a Sin?
What Clothing is Immodest?
The Dangers of Fornication?

7. How Do We Determine? Accept that there is an Objective Standard
If everyone decides for self what is right – then the standard is subjective
The Scriptures are an objective standard (2 Tim. 3:16-17)
To violate the standard is sin (1 John 3:4)

8. How Do We Determine? Accept that there is an Objective Standard
Verify What You Hear
Don’t accept any teaching – because preacher, elders, or parents say it is so
Don’t be gullible (2 Tim. 3:6)
Check all you hear by the standard (Acts 17:11)

9. How Do We Determine? Accept that there is an Objective Standard
Verify What You Hear
Accept What is Verified as Word of God
If what is taught is true – then it is the word of God!
Must accept it for what it is (2 Thess. 2:13)
Our like or dislike of the message or messenger – doesn’t change that fact!

10. Social Drinking Is a Sin?
How Do We Know
Social Drinking
Is a Sin?
Drinking is a Problem
Nearly As Old As Man
Noah got drunk (Gen. 9:20-ff)
Lot got drunk (Gen. 19:30-38)
We all know that drunkenness is a sin
But, what about social drinking – in moderation?
“Responsible drinking”?
Occasional beer or wine?

11. Alcohol Use in the United States:
Prevalence of Drinking: According to the 2015 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), 86.4 percent of people ages 18 or older reported that they drank alcohol at some point in their lifetime; 70.1 percent reported that they drank in the past year; 56.0 percent reported that they drank in the past month.1

12. Underage Drinking:
Prevalence of Underage Alcohol Use:
Prevalence of Drinking: According to the 2015 NSDUH, 33.1 percent of 15-year-olds report that they have had at least 1 drink in their lives.17 About 7.7 million people ages 12–2018 (20.3 percent of this age group19) reported drinking alcohol in the past month (19.8 percent of males and 20.8 percent of females19).

13. Alcohol and College Students:
Prevalence of Alcohol Use:
Prevalence of Drinking: According to the 2015 NSDUH, 58.0 percent of full-time college students ages 18–22 drank alcohol in the past month compared with 48.2 percent of other persons of the same age.21

14. Drinking in moderation – Not excessive
The Point
Social Drinking
Is A Sinful Act
Drinking in moderation – Not excessive

15. Social Drinking is a Sin?
How Do We Know
Social Drinking is a Sin?
It Is Drunkenness

16. It Is Drunkenness Social Drinking Is Drunkenness
Bible Condemns Drunkenness
Eph. 5:18
Gal. 5:19-21; 1 Cor. 6:9-11
Social Drinking Is Drunkenness
“Drunk” – “to make drunk, or to grow drunk” (an inceptive verb, marking the process or the state expressed in No. 1), “to become intoxicated,” (Vines)
Contrast: 1 Thess. 5:6-9

17. Sober: “to be free from the influence of intoxicants” (Vine’s)
1 Thess 5:6-9
6 Therefore let us not sleep, as others do, but let us watch and be sober.
7 For those who sleep, sleep at night, and those who get drunk are drunk at night.
8 But let us who are of the day be sober, putting on the breastplate of faith and love, and as a helmet the hope of salvation.
9 For God did not appoint us to wrath, but to obtain salvation through our Lord Jesus Christ,
Sober: “to be free from the influence of intoxicants” (Vine’s)

18. Social Drinking is a Sin?
How Do We Know
Social Drinking is a Sin?
It Is Drunkenness
It Is Strong Drink

19. It Is Strong Drink Drinks Today Are Strong – By Comparison
Strong Drink Is Condemned
Prov. 20:1
Luke 1:15
Drinks Today Are Strong – By Comparison
Palestine wines: 5 % - 8 %
Distilled – 45 % - 50 %
Malt – 4 % - 6 %, 10 %
Wines – 10 % - 14 %

20. Bible Wines
“In ancient times wine was usually stored in large pointed jugs called amphorae. When wine was to be used it was poured from the amphora into large bowls called kraters, where it was mixed with water... What is important for us to note is that before wine was drank it was mixed with water.”
-- Robert Stein. Wine-Drinking In New Testament Times. Christianity Today, June 20, Pages 9-11.

21. Bible Wines
“Mixed wine is often spoken of in Scripture. This was of different kinds. Sometimes it was mixed with water to take it down (Isa 1:22); sometimes with milk (Song 5:1); and sometimes, by lovers of strong drink, with spices of various kinds, to give it a richer flavor and greater potency (Isa 5:22; Ps 75:8).”
-- McClintock and Strong Encyclopedia

22. Bible Wines
“When speaking of the ordinary drinking beverage, a writer simply said ‘wine’, for it was taken for granted that it was mixed water and wine. Only special circumstances was information given on the mixture”
-- Everett Ferguson. Wine As A Table-Drink In The Ancient World. Restoration Quarterly, Pages

23. Bible Wines
The proportion of water was large, only one-third or one-fourth of the total mixture being wine.”
ISBE

24. Bible Wines
“Drinking wine unmixed... Was looked upon as a ‘Scythian’ or barbarian custom.”
-- Robert Stein. Wine-Drinking In New Testament Times. Christianity Today, June 20, Pages 9-11.

25. Ancient Sources This Ratio of Water to Wine Seemed To Vary. 3-1 Hesiod
4-1 Alexis
2-1 Diocles
20-1 Homer
8-1 Pliny

26. Today’s Drinks are Strong by Comparison

27. Social Drinking is a Sin?
How Do We Know
Social Drinking is a Sin?
It Is Drunkenness
It Is Strong Drink
It Is Harmful

28. It Is Harmful Harms The Body Sinful To Harm The Body Alcohol is poison
Narcotic – Drug
Damage to the Brain
Sinful To Harm The Body
1 Cor. 6:19-20
Steward to take care of the Body belongs to God.

29. Social Drinking is a Sin?
How Do We Know
Social Drinking is a Sin?
It Is Drunkenness
It Is Strong Drink
It Is Harmful
Drinking Is Condemned

30. Drinking Is Condemned 1 Pet. 4:3
“For we have spent enough of our past lifetime in doing the will of the Gentiles—when we walked in lewdness, lusts, drunkenness, revelries, drinking parties, and abominable idolatries.”

31. Drinking Is Condemned 1 Pet. 4:3
“Banqueting” (KJV) “drinking parties” (NKJV) “drinkings” (Darby)
“The drinking bout, the banquet,… not of necessity excessive.” (R. C. Trench, Synonyms of the New Testament 225)
Potos (4224): “from the alt. of 4095; a drinking-bout or carousal: - banqueting.” [4095: pino – to imbibe – drink] –Strong’s

32. NET “drinking bouts” tn = translators note
NET tn “According to BDAG 857 s.v. πότος the term refers to a social gathering at which wine is served, hence “drinking parties” (cf. TEV, NASB). However, the collocation with the other terms in v. 4 suggests something less sophisticated and more along the lines of wild and frenzied drinking bouts.”
Biblical Studies Press. (2005).

33. BDAG “a social gathering at which wine was served, drinking party”
Arndt, W., Danker, F. W., Bauer, W., & Gingrich, F. W. (2000). A Greek-English lexicon of the New Testament and other early Christian literature (3rd ed., p. 857). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

34. A. T. Robertson
Carousings (ποτοις [potois]). Old word for drinking carousal (from πινω [pinō], to drink), here only in the N. T. In the light of these words it seems strange to find modern Christians justifying their “personal liberty” to drink and carouse, to say nothing of the prohibition law.
Robertson, A. T. (1933). Word Pictures in the New Testament (1 Pe 4:3). Nashville, TN: Broadman Press.

35. Arichea & Nida
Drunkenness may be rendered as “frequently getting drunk” or “constantly drinking too much,” but in this type of context, a term for “drinking” must indicate the drinking of intoxicating liquors. .
Arichea, D. C., & Nida, E. A. (1980). A handbook on the first letter from Peter (p. 130). New York: United Bible Societies.

36. Drinking Is Condemned 1 Pet. 5:8 1 Pet. 4:3 “Sober”
“Free from influence of intoxicants” (Vines)
Means to abstain ( Strong’s ; Donnagan’s Lexicon)

37. Social Drinking is a Sin?
How Do We Know
Social Drinking is a Sin?
It Is Drunkenness
It Is Strong Drink
It Is Harmful
Drinking Is Condemned
Influences Others

38. Influences Others Moderate Social Drinking Matthew 18:6-7
Major cause of recruiting new drinkers
Not the drunk, alcoholic.
Matthew 18:6-7

39. Social Drinking is a Sin?
How Do We Know
Social Drinking is a Sin?
It Is Drunkenness
It Is Strong Drink
It Is Harmful
Drinking Is Condemned
Influences Others
Arguments Made To Justify

40. Arguments Made To Justify
John 2:1-11 – Water into Wine
No evidence fermented

41. “Wine” (Greek: Oinos) Unfermented Fermented Matt. 9:17 Mark 2:22
(Alcohol Content)
Eph. 5:18
“drunk with wine”
Unfermented
(No Alcohol Content)
Matt. 9:17
Mark 2:22
“new wine in new
bottles”

42. “Wine” (Hebrew: tirosh) Thus says the LORD:
"As the new wine is found in the cluster,
And one says, 'Do not destroy it,
For a blessing is in it,'
So will I do for My servants' sake,
That I may not destroy them all.
(Isa. 65:8)

43. Arguments Made To Justify
John 2:1-11 – Water into Wine
No evidence fermented
If justifies social drinking – justifies excessive
1 Timothy 5:23 – Drink A Little Wine
Wine - does not have to be fermented
For Medical purposes
1 Timothy 3:8 – Not Given To Much Wine
Assumes can have a little
Forbidding excess does not justify less

44. Ancients had no way to prevent fermentation
Actually were four methods
Filtration (Pliny the Elder, Plutarch & Babylonian Talmud)
Boiling (Aristotle, Mishnah)
Dilution (Pliny, Plato,& Homer)
Storage (Cato the Elder (234 BC – 149 BC) claimed that “must” stored in an amphora coated with pitch and stored thirty days in a water tank could be removed and kept as “must” for the whole year (Cato, De Re Rustica 120)
Kyle Pope (ECI Conference, 2015)
William Patton, Bible Wines

45. Ancients had no way to prevent fermentation
Actually were four methods
Kyle Pope’s Experiment
“..what I did was hand squeeze 11 ½ pounds of black grapes and test two of the common methods the ancients talked about: Filtering and boiling.
In May of the same year produced six test samples from the grapes I hand squeezed.
The first was pure grape juice.
The second was juice filtered through a muslin cloth.
The third was juice filtered and brought to a boil.
The remaining samples were juice filtered, boiled, and reduced to 1/3, 1/5, and 1/10 of their original volume.
Kyle Pope (ECI Conference, 2015)

46. Test Results:
These samples were stored in my office under temperatures that could easily have been reproduced in Bible lands. The first testing was done at West Texas A & M University in Canyon Texas with the help of Dr. Pat Goguen (a deacon at Olsen Park at the time who holds a PhD in Chemistry) and a professor at the university.
The final testing was done some months later with the help of Pat Goguen, with equipment supplied by Eddie Prock (a science teacher at a neighboring congregation in Amarillo).
Kyle Pope (ECI Conference, 2015)

47. Social Drinking is a Sin?
How Do We Know
Social Drinking is a Sin?
It Is Drunkenness
It Is Strong Drink
It Is Harmful
Drinking Is Condemned
Influences Others
Arguments Made To Justify