1. Challenges to Church Power
11.6
Romanesque Architecture

2. 1. Europe was changing Kings becoming stronger
Importance of townspeople grew

3. 2. Wisdom of Muslim & Greek Teachings
Conflicted with the teachings of the church.

4. 3. Philip IV (France) vs. Pope Boniface VIII
Should clergy pay taxes?
Pope declared self supreme over kings
Philip had him arrested for heresy (he was eventually released—but who demonstrated they had the power?)

5. 4. Babylonian Captivity Papal capital moved to Avignon, France
(King Philip IV had one of his religious advisor elected pope
The next 6 popes were in Avignon

6. 5. The Great Schism (1378-1417) 1377 TWO Popes???
Roman Cardinals elect a Pope & French Cardinals elect a Pope
Each excommunicated the other
1414 Council of Constance
A church council would meet every few years
Both Popes were deposed and new one elected
Papal Capital …….in ROME

7. Effects…. Babylonian Captivity + Great Schism =
Church lost most of its political power
The pope could no longer assert church supremacy over the state
Both of these were probably a good thing; most of the churches’ corruption came from its attempt to maintain political authority.
But, another result:
The Catholic Church lost much of its spiritual authority

8. Romanesque Architecture
Characteristics:

9. Characteristics:
Gothic Architecture