1. Animal welfare in transport of animals by land and by sea
14th CONFERENCE of the OIE Regional Commission for the Middle East
Istanbul, Turkey, 2-6 October 2017
Animal welfare in transport of animals by land and by sea
Tomasz Grudnik
OIE sub-regional Representation in Brussels
OIE Platform on Animal Welfare for Europe
Comments (with copyright) / Commentaires (soumis au Copyright) :

2. Worldwide live export of farm animals
Species
Number exported per year [million]
Proportional increase
1961
2013
Chicken
0.08
1.6
20 x
Sheep
6.5
16.4
2.5 x
Cattle
4.9
11.0
2.2 x
1st I would like to share with you few numbers to indicate importance of transport of live animals.
Worldwide live export of farm animals is increasing and between
And reeclntyly Between 2013 – 2017 export of live animals from only European Union countries already doubled and two million cattle and sheep each year are transported to the Middle East, Turkey and North Africa and
Source: FAOSTAT, 2016: C.Phillips, 2016

3. Importance of good transport
Animal welfare
Economics  potential production losses
Deaths and injuries
Dehydration
Disease
Meat quality
OIE Standards for Animal transport by sea and by land
Ensuring animal welfare is not only ethical or legal responsibility but also has economic justification.
Bad conditions during transport causes animal suffering and, consequently lead to economic losses.
The main areas of economic loss are:
• death of the animal because of poor transport conditions,
• injuries caused by improper handling, facilities and mixing different animals
• dehydration
• disease of the newly bought stock because of transport and market conditions
• poor meat quality because of chronic stress
It makes economic sense to follow minimum standards of care for animals during transport.
The World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) has issued detailed standards for the transport of farm animals by land and by sea.

4. OIE Objectives on Animal Welfare
Contributing to the improvement of animal welfare globally via:
development of science based standards
support and technical advice to OIE Members to help them towards implementation of the standards
On request of member countries the OIE objective is provide international leadership in animal welfare
through the development of science-based standards and guidelines
and the provision of expert advice and the promotion of relevant education and research
support and technical advice to OIE Members to help them towards implementation of the standards

5. SECTION 7. ANIMAL WELFARE Chapter 7
SECTION 7. ANIMAL WELFARE Chapter 7.2 Transport of animals by sea Chapter 7.3. Transport of animals by land
Part of terrestrial animal health code

6. Chapter 7. 2. Transport of animals by sea Chapter 7. 3
Chapter 7.2. Transport of animals by sea Chapter 7.3. Transport of animals by land
Animal behaviour
Competence
Responsibilities
Planning
Documentation
Loading
Travel
Unloading
OIE standards highlight importance of knowledge of animal behaviour, and how animal perceive and react to environment
and use of that knowledge in handling of animals and design of facilities.
the welfare of the animals during their journey is the joint responsibility of all people involved.
The individual responsibilities and of persons involved: Owners, Handlers, Business agents, Transport agents, Managers of facilities and Competent authorities
are in details described in those chapters
All people responsible for animals during journeys should be competent in accordance with their responsibilities. Competence may be gained through formal training and/or practical experience.
Adequate planning is a key factor affecting the welfare of animals during a journey.

7. Chapter 7. 2. Transport of animals by sea Chapter 7. 3
Chapter 7.2. Transport of animals by sea Chapter 7.3. Transport of animals by land
Animal behaviour
Competence
Responsibilities
Planning
Documentation
Loading
Travel
Unloading
Adequate planning is a key factor affecting the welfare of animals during a transport
Chapter describe all elements necessary element of planning the journey
And all necessary documentation such including plan of the journey, veterinary certificates and animal identification

8. Chapter 7. 2. Transport of animals by sea Chapter 7. 3
Chapter 7.2. Transport of animals by sea Chapter 7.3. Transport of animals by land
Competence
Responsibilities
Planning
Documentation
Loading
Travel
Unloading
Vehicle Vessel and container design and maintenance (including space allowance , ventilation, provision of feed and water)
Loading and Unloading facilities andprocedure to ensure animal welfare during transport by seasand land

9. RESPONSIBILITIES OF COMPETENT AUTHORITIES
Setting standards
Animal welfare and fitness to travel
facilities, containers and vehicles
Competencies of animal handlers and drivers
Implementation of standards and monitoring effectiveness of standards
Ensuring training for animal handlers and drivers
(example - system established in Turkey)
Giving priority at the frontiers animal consignments
Reporting back to the sending CA animal welfare issues
establishing minimum standards for animal welfare, including requirements for inspection of animals before, during and after their travel, defining ‘fitness to travel’ and appropriate certification and record keeping;
setting standards for facilities, containers and vehicles for the transport of animals;
setting standards for the competence of animal handlers, drivers and managers of facilities in relevant issues in animal welfare;
ensuring appropriate awareness and training of animal handlers, drivers and managers of facilities in relevant issues in animal welfare;
implementation of the standards, including through accreditation of / interaction with other organisations;
monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of standards of health and other aspects of welfare;
monitoring and evaluating the use of veterinary medications;
giving animal consignments priority at frontiers in order to allow them to pass without unnecessary delay.
Reporting back to the sending CA animal welfare issues

10. Middle East Animal Welfare Action Plan (2016 – 2019)
to empower
Veterinary Services to take actions in Animal Welfare in compliance with OIE standards
So that’s about OIE standard,
but as we all aware, even best standards and regulation do not change a reality,
most important to achieve a change is implement those standard in practice.
An I am sure that you aware of changes that you face in the region with implementation of the OIE stardsrt
Middle East Animal Welfare Action Plan
Dewlapped and their action plan, endorsed by delegated
Objectives of the ME AW Action Plan for
Overall objective: to improve animal welfare in the Middle East.
Strategic objective: to empower Veterinary Services to take actions in Animal Welfare in compliance with OIE standards.
3 Specific Objectives:
 To raise awareness and achieve high level of understanding of animal welfare in the Middle East
 To support progressive implementation of the OIE standards on animal welfare in the Middle East
 To encourage the participation of member countries of the OIE Regional Commission for the Middle East in the OIE

11. Middle East Animal Welfare Action Plan (2016 – 2019) - priority topics
1. Transport of animals by sea (OIE TAHC Chapter 7.2)
2. Transport of animals by land (OIE TAHC Chapter 7.3)
3. Slaughter of animals (OIE TAHC Chapter 7.5)
4. Stray dog population control (OIE TAHC Chapter 7.7)

12. Activities of the Action Plan for 2016-2019 in field of animal transport
OIE “trainings of trainers” workshops on during transport and slaughter
OIE “trainings of trainers” workshops on livestock welfare during long distance transport by sea & land
OIE workshops on animal welfare in the context of inter-regional trade of slaughtering livestock (whole journey scenario concept - from export to slaughter) ….
There are several activates foreseen in field of animal transport Action Plan
As already mentioned need to train the trainers.
OIE “trainings of trainers” workshops on during transport and slaughter
OIE “trainings of trainers” workshops on livestock welfare during long distance transport by sea & land
OIE workshops on animal welfare in the context of inter-regional trade of slaughtering livestock (whole journey scenario concept - from export to slaughter)

13. OIE Improved Animal Welfare Programme
OIE ‘Training of trainers’ workshops on animal welfare during transport and slaughter
We already carried some activates in the region in framework OIEOIE Improved Animal Welfare Programme
We 2013 – 2025 organised Train the trainers workshops animal welfare during transport and slaughter operation addressing
handling animals and transport for slaughter and slaughter.
We already have trained trainers in Turkey, Egypt, Jordan, Oman, Yemen, Lebanon, Iran
With robust methodology and proved to be effective serves as model for other Train the Trainers workshop
OIE Improved Animal Welfare Programme

14. OIE ‘Trainings of trainers’ workshops on livestock welfare during long distance transport by sea and land
1. Introduction to animal welfare
2. Animal behaviour
3. Use of animal behaviour in handling.
4. Planning and preparations for the journey
5. Loading and transport by land
6. Loading and transport by sea – under development
7. Unloading and resting
8. Transport of poultry
9. Responsibilities and competencies
10. Animal welfare in transport and meat quality
the other activity of Middle East Animal Welfare Action Plan
OIE ‘Trainings of trainers’ workshops on livestock welfare during long distance transport by sea and land
10 training modules , set of group work sessions and exercises (e.g. planning the journey exercise)
Training Technical Note on on welfare of animals during long distance transport by land
Modules on sea transport are currently under development by OIE AW collaboration centre in Australia
And just yeatday receive first draft University of Queensland (they expertise nad

15. Training of Trainers Workshops (ToT)
review / update of the national veterinary legislation
initial education - the national veterinary core curriculum
workshops for veterinary inspectors at national, provincial and district levels, and integration of this topic in the national programme of continuing education
private business operators awareness on their obligations.
Cascading transfer of knowledge
Most important element TOT workshop are follow up activates
Cascading transfer of knowledge
review / update of the national veterinary legislation
initial education - the national veterinary core curriculum
workshops for veterinary inspectors at national, provincial and district levels, and integration of this topic in the national programme of continuing education
private business operators awareness on their obligations

16. OIE ‘Trainings of trainers’ workshops on livestock welfare during long distance transport by sea and land
Who should attend?
OIE National Focal Point on Animal Welfare
An official veterinarian in charge of transport inspection.

17. OIE ‘Trainings of trainers’ workshops on livestock welfare during long distance transport by sea and land
1st OIE Regional ToT workshop on long distance transport for Middle-East countries
Q (TBC)
2nd OIE Regional ToT workshop on long distance transport for Middle-East countries
Q2 – Q (TBC)

18. New concept of workshop(s) Whole Journey Scenario Workshop(s) ‘pilot workshop’
To help countries implement best practices during long distance and cross border animals’ transport in compliance with OIE standards with the goal to improve the welfare of animals for the whole duration of the journey involving various countries
We working on new concept of workshop as we call it Whole Journey Scenario Workshop
and address animal welfare issues from departure country to trough all countries along the route and destination country
With focus on responsibility of veterinary authorities and collaboration between those authories

19. Whole Journey Scenario Workshop
to address animal welfare issues in inter-regional trade of slaughtering livestock
including Middle East Region
If successful, the approach used in this first workshop will pave the way for future OIE Whole Journey Scenario
workshops aiming different routes and regions. A critical analysis of the coordination actions between different
stakeholders during land and sea transport to address animal welfare issues in inter-regional trade of slaughtering livestock including Middle East Region

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