1. OVERDOSE AWARENESS & NALOXONE TRAIN THE TRAINER

2. Overview What are opiates? Introduction to naloxone
Recognizing an overdose
What to do if you see an overdose
Using naloxone
After administering
Laws and regulation

3. What are Opiates? Pain-reducing medications
Reduces pain receptor communication to the brain
Releases dopamine
Can be prescribed or illegally obtained
Have addictive properties
Reduce respiratory drive to the point of apnea - overdose

4. Types of Opioids Natural opioids(opiates) Semi-synthetic opioids
Derived from opium poppy
Morphine, codeine
Semi-synthetic opioids
Prescribed medications such as hydrocodone and oxycodone
Illicit drug heroin
Synthetic Opioids
Prescribed medications such as methadone, tramadol, fentanyl, carfentanil
50x-100x more potent than heroin

5. Naloxone Life saving opioid reversal medication
Reverses effects of opioids on the brain by replacing drugs in receptors
Also known as Narcan or Evzio
No potential for abuse
Does not have addictive properties, no associated high
No harmful side effects
Can be used on anyone without risk of harm

6. Naloxone Does not reverse non-opioid overdoses
Not effective for drugs such as cocaine or methamphetamines
Can be given to persons not experiencing an overdose without harm
Must be stored at room temperature and protected from light
Excessive heat or light can breakdown active ingredient
Do no store in your car
Typical shelf-life is 18 months from manufacturer date

7. Naloxone History First patented in 1961 as an opioid reversal
Received FDA approval in 1971 for use on persons experiencing opioid overdoses
Used safely since early 1970’s in EMS and surgical settings to reverse effects of opioids

8. Recognizing an Overdose
Person is Passed out with shallow or no breathing
Snoring or gurgling sound
Sign of vomiting
Pale face
Blue lips or finger tips
Unresponsive
Drug paraphernalia nearby

9. Drug Paraphernalia Syringes Tourniquets Cookers Filters
Powders/residue
Lighters

10. What to do when you see an overdose
Ensure the scene is safe
Call 911
Call for help (bring AED)
Apply PPE
If trained in CPR, check for breathing & pulse
Confirm the person is unresponsive
Administer 1st dose of naloxone
Wait 5 minutes
Administer 2nd dose of naloxone
Wait 5 minutes
Confirm the person is unresponsive
If the individual is sill unresponsive:
If available, administer additional NARCAN
If NO NARCAN, follow AED protocol & give CPR (if trained)
*Additional naloxone can be administered every 5 minutes until EMS arrives

11. What to do when you see an overdose
SCENE SAFETY
Ensure 911 has been called
This is often overlooked in an emergency situation
Not recommended to check for pulse or breathing unless CPR trained
AED may be necessary, apnea will lead to asystole
Stay with person overdosing, call for help and ask for an AED

12. Press the plunger firmly to release the dose into the patients nose.
Using naloxone
Peel back the package to remove the device. Hold the device with your thumb on the bottom of the plunger and 2 fingers on the nozzle.
Place & hold the tip of the nozzle in either nostril until your fingers touch the bottom of the patients nose.
Press the plunger firmly to release the dose into the patients nose.

13. After administering naloxone
Can cause withdrawal effects that include
Nausea and vomiting (do not manually clear airway)
Headaches
Sweating
Place person in recovery position
Helps to protect airway and prevent aspiration
Person can become disoriented or combative
Attempt to re-orient without physical intervention

14. After administering naloxone
Stay with the person after administering
Do not attempt to restrain or keep person at scene
Do not risk personal safety by physically intervening
If person leaves, stay at scene until EMS arrives
Give description and last known location or person who overdosed
Stay Safe!

15. After administering naloxone
Person may overdose again without addition drug use
Half life of naloxone is shorter than some opioids
Person may decline medical treatment
Less than 15% or persons who receive naloxone agree to medical transport

16. Naloxone laws and regulations
Ohio laws protect people who carry or administer naloxone
Naloxone can be carried across state lines
Individuals are free to give their naloxone to another person to carry
Good Samaritan laws in all 50 states protect people who administer naloxone from legal liability