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How do States Gain Power without War?

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1 How do States Gain Power without War?
Lesson 4 How do States Gain Power without War?

2 Fighting a Cold War Definition: Hostility between 2 states where each side uses measures other than open conflict to win. In groups of 2-3, List a few ways a Country can win a conflict without directly going to open conflict.

3 United States of America vs Soviet Union
The Cold War United States of America vs Soviet Union

4 Potsdam Conference 17th of July, 1945
Convened after Germany’s unconditional surrender to discuss Post-war Europe Both Sides did not trust each other Both sides were afraid the other were trying to wipe them out. Both sides actually were trying to wipe each other out. Germany and its Capital, Berlin, Were divided among USSR, USA, UK and France War of Ideologies, Capitalism vs Communism

5 A Iron Curtain https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S2PUIQpAEAQ
In Groups of 2-3, answer the following questions: Why do you think the World War 2 Alliance fell apart after the war? How were the Soviet Union and the United States Portrayed by the other? What was the Iron Curtain?

6 Height of Nazi Germany’s Power
The Counter attacks against the Axis by the Allies played an important role in the Cold War that soon followed Height of Nazi Germany’s Power

7 Agreed to Spheres of Influence
The Division of Europe Agreed to Spheres of Influence Introduction of Nuclear Weapons NATO (West) vs Warsaw Pact (USSR) Fear of Another Global Conflict How do you Win a War without Direct Confrontation? Both Sides agreed to which countries were under who spheres of influence. the USSR (Communism) tried to spread their influence due to the destruction of World War 2 The West (Capitalism) tried to contain the USSR by reconstructing Europe with the Marshall Plan

8 A Global Conflict The Cold War was a World Wide Conflict.
Third World Countries were told to pick a side. Both sides used any means necessary to gain control, including: Foreign Aid Revolts Blackmail

9 Ukraine Does the side of the Iron Curtain that the Ukraine was on affect its relationship with Europe and Russia? How?

10 Fighting without using Direct Warfare
Conflict without War Fighting without using Direct Warfare

11 Economic (Berlin Blockade)
Berlin was located in East Germany Stalin blockade the city from the West The United States Airlifted supplies to the city Lasted almost a year (April 1st May )

12 Proxy Wars (Korean War)
War broke out between North and South Korea in 1950 USA supported the South and the USSR supported the North Almost 2 Million lives lost Has not been resolved to this day Was the first real proxy war of the Cold War. Both the USA and USSR were not directly involved, but invested a lot of resources in hopes of spreading their Ideology.

13 Technology (Space Race)
Was a competition to see who could send people to the Space. Started in 1955 USSR Sent First Satellite into Space First Dog in Space Sent First Person into Space USA First Person on the Moon Both wanted to prove that there system was superior be investing in technology, Wanted to prove to other countries their ideology was better.

14 Intimidation (Cuban Missile Crisis)
USSR sent Missiles to their Allies in Cuba in 1960 USA blockaded the island and threatened war USSR agreed to stop in exchange for removing Missiles in Turkey Closes we have ever come to a Nuclear War Neither side wanted to look weak in front of their citizens, Wanted to convince the world their ideology was superior. Neither wanted to be at a military disadvantage

15 Propaganda (Summit Series)
A Hockey Series that took place between Canada and the USSR in 1972 Was the first time NHL professionals played in an international competition. Canada won the Series 4-3-1 Homework: Watch Rocky 4 Both sides wanted to prove that there system produced better athletes. Were trying to convince the third world, to join their ideology.

16 Tensions and Paranoia

17 When is Paranoia Real? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vuP6KbIsNK4
After watching the clip answer the following questions: Would you have launched an attack of you were in the presidents shoes? Is a surprise attack ever justified? Why? Should we be afraid of Putin launching an invasion of the rest Ukraine? Should we launch a surprise attack on Russia? On one hand, striking first means that you are usually taking responsibility for starting a war On the other, if you or your country is under threat, it can be very beneficial to attack first in a quick and hard manner.

18 The Red Scare This, ladies and gentlemen, gives you somewhat of a picture of the type of individuals who have been helping to shape our foreign policy. In my opinion the State Department, which is one of the most important government departments, is thoroughly infested with communists. I have in my hand 57 cases of individuals who would appear to be either card-carrying members or certainly loyal to the Communist Party, but who nevertheless are still helping to shape our foreign policy. One thing to remember in discussing the communists in our government is that we are not dealing with spies who get 30 pieces of silver to steal the blueprints of new weapons. We are dealing with a far more sinister type of activity because it permits the enemy to guide and shape our policy. Joseph Mccarthy

19 End of the Cold War Ultimately, the Soviet Union could not keep up economically. Perestroika and Glasnost (Restructuring and openness) revolts and change in the USSR It officially dissolves December 25th 1991 Political and Economical consequences 50% of Soviet income was spent on the Military The Government wanted to reform itself in hopes of remaining competitive. These reforms spiraled out of control as people over through the Soviet rule. In its wake, many countries were politically and/or economically unprepared for independence which caused tensions in these new countries and world wide.

20 A Global Conflict The Cold War was a World Wide Conflict.
Third World Countries were told to pick a side. Both sides used any means necessary to gain control, including: Foreign Aid Revolts Blackmail

21 Cold War Consequences What do you think the consequences of the Cold War are in today’s Society? Is it better to counter 1 big threat or many little threats?

22 Short History Clip Do we face a Cold War today against Russia over the Ukraine? Name some similarities and differences.

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