1. Name:S.SUBBARAO SECTION:-1 BRANCH:-EEE ID NO:-180060017

2. CHANDRAYAN-2 (Proud moment for every Indian)

3. CHANDRAYAAN-2

4. Objective:- Chandrayaan-2, India’s 2nd moon mission (after Chandrayaan- 1, 2008) was successfully launched on 22 nd July at 2.43 pm by GSLV-MkIII-M1 (Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle Mark III) from Second Launch Pad at Satish Dhawan Space Canter Sriharikota (Andhra Pradesh). Main aim is to improve our understanding about the Moon discoveries, latest inventions that will benefit India.

5. Basic Information:-  With a total mission mass of 3.8 tonnes, the entire project is set to cost Rs 978 crore. Rs603crore for thespacecraft and Rs 375crorefor the GSLV Mk-III.  Chandrayaan-2 consists of an orbiter, a lander (Vikram), and a rover (Pragyan).  Chandrayaan 2 will be India’s first interplanetary mission to be steered by two women, project director M.Vanitha and mission director Ritu Karidhal

7. Problems Faced…..  On15 th July,Thelaunchwascalledoffduetotechnical problems in the fuel conductor.  The countdown for the launch of Chandrayaan-2, on board the GSLV Mk-III rocket, was scheduled for 2.51 am. It was stopped 56 minutes and 24 seconds before lift-off at1.55am, followinga announcement from theMission Control Centre  Thetechnicalsnagwasnoticedduringthecryogenicfuel was being loaded.

8. Mission Details…..  Operator - Indian Space Research Organization  Type of Mission - Lunar orbiter, Lander and Rover  Duration of Mission - Orbiter: 1 year  Lander: >15 Days  Rover: >15 Days  Launch Mass - Aprox. 3850 Kg  Mass of Payload - Orbiter: approx 2,379 Kg Lander: approx. 1,471 Kg Rover: approx. 27 Kg  Date of Launch - 22 nd July 2019.  Rocket - GSLV Mk III  Launch Site - Satish Dhawan Space Centre Sriharikota

9. Mission Details…..  Chandrayaan-2 begin its journey to Moon on 22 July, 2019.  The Lander-Orbiter pair will go into an initial elliptical (180 X 24000 km altitude) Earth orbit, followed by a trans- lunar injection.  Both will go into an initial elliptical lunar orbit.  After orbit insertion, the Lander and the Orbiter separate.  The Orbiter evolves into a 100 km circular polar orbit and the Lander breaks from orbit and lands on the surface in the high latitude areas near the South Pole.

10. Mission Details…..  The Orbiter portion of the mission is planned to last 1 year.  The rover will be deployed using a ramp shortly after the landing and is planned for 14-15 days that is one period of lunar daylight.  The rover and the lander of the mission will have a life of one lunar day, which is equal to 14 earth days, though the orbiter has a life of one year.

11. GSLV Mk-III Rocket Known as Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle Mark III

12. GSLV Mk-III Rocket  GSLV Mk-III [Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle Mark- III] launch vehicle, which is the most powerful launcher we have used till date. GSLV Mk-III Specifications:-  Height: 43.43m  Vehicle Diameter: 4.0m  Heat Shield (Payload Fairing) Diameter: 5.0m Number of Stages: 3  Lift off Mass: 640 tonnes.

13. Rover

14.  Rover also known as Pragyan will have two instruments on board.  On the surface of the Moon the instrument will test the mineral and chemical compositions and also about soil and rocks formation.  Data on and around the South Pole will be collected and sent.  That is it will send information from the moon to Vikram Lander.

15. Rover Lander will send data to Orbiter. Then the Orbiter will send it to the ISRO centre. This whole process will take about 15 minutes. So, it can be said that information sent from Pragyan Robot will take about 15 minutes to reach the ISRO centre in India. Dimensions: 0.9 × 0.75 × 0.85 m Power: 50 W Travel speed: 1 cm/sec.

16. Lander

17.  Lander also known as Vikram.  ISRO has named Lander after the founder of ISRO and the father of Indian Space Program Vikram Sarabhai.  The five-legged lander will have three instruments on board. It’s named ‘Vikram’ to honour the late Dr Vikram Sarabhai, who was the former chairman of ISRO and is widely regarded as the ‘Father of the Indian Space Programme’.  It has been developed to operate for 14 days or one Lunar day.  During this time period, the Vikram Lander will be constantly communicating with the Indian Deep Space Network (IDSN) in Byalalu near Bengaluru.

18. Lander  The same network will be used by the Orbiter and Rover for communications.  The lander weighs 1,471 kg including the Pragyan Rover (27 kg) inside and it’s capable of generating about 650 W of electricity.  Further, the Chandra Surface Thermophysical Experiment (ChaSTE) will be used to measure the thermal temperature around the South Pole of the moon

19. Orbiter

20. Orbiter of Chandrayaan-2 will be installed at 100 km above the moon and consists of eight instruments. Specifications of these instruments are not provided that will be loaded on to the rocket. But there will be an Imaging Infra-red Spectometer (IIRS) which will try to identify minerals and indicators of hydroxyl and water molecules. It will operate on solar power.

21. Orbiter It will be circling the information from Lander and Rover to the ISRO Centre. It will also bring the command sent from ISRO to the lander and the rover. It was generated by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited and handed it to ISRO in 2015.