1. Two organelles in comparison.
Two organelles in comparison. (A) Generalized metabolic scheme of pyruvate oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation in a typical oxygen-respiring mitochondrion, for example, from rat liver. (B) Generalized metabolic scheme of fermentative pyruvate oxidation in trichomonad hydrogenosomes, as proposed in the early 1970s. The presence and absence of organellar genomes are indicated. End products are boxed. Abbreviations: CI to CIV, respiratory complexes I to IV; UQ, ubiquinone; C, cytochrome c; A, ATPase; Fd, ferredoxin; [1], pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase; [2], acetate:succinate CoA-transferase; [3], succinyl-CoA synthetase; [4], hydrogenase; [5], malic enzyme; [6], pyruvate dehydrogenase complex.
Miklós Müller et al. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 2012; doi: /MMBR