1. Unique mechanistic features of allergic rhinitis
Alkis Togias, MD 
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 
Volume 105, Issue 6, Pages S599-S604 (June 2000)
DOI: /mai

2. Fig. 1 . Antigen-induced mast cell activation.
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology  , S599-S604DOI: ( /mai )

3. Fig. 2
. Nasal symptoms after antigen challenge. More than 50% of patients with rhinitis may have a pattern similar to those depicted in the figure. A , After the acute reaction, symptoms dissipate and then recrudesce between 4 to 12 hours. B , Symptoms remain present for many hours after nasal challenge. (Adapted from Peebles R, Togias A. Late-phase reactions in the nose. In: Kay AB, editor. Allergy and allergic diseases. Oxford [UK]: Blackwell; p With permission.)
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology  , S599-S604DOI: ( /mai )

4. Fig. 3
. Ipsilateral (A ) and contralateral (B ) secretory response to unilateral disc challenge with capsaicin. (Adapted from Sanico AM, Koliatsos VE, Stanisz AM, Bienenstock J, Togias A. Neural hyperresponsiveness and nerve growth factor in allergic rhinitis. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 1999;118: With permission.)
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology  , S599-S604DOI: ( /mai )

5. Fig. 4
. Prevalence of rhinitis (≥2 rhinitis symptoms, seasonal or year-round, in the absence of a cold or flu) in patients with asthma. Three databases at the Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center of well-characterized asthma are depicted. A different instrument was used in each group to evaluate the prevalence of symptoms of rhinitis. This instrument was delivered prospectively, at the time of patient recruitment.
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology  , S599-S604DOI: ( /mai )