1. HUMAN ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION
CHAPTER 12
HUMAN ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION

2. CREATING LAND FROM THE SEA
At least 40% of the Netherlands was once under the sea. Land that is reclaimed is called a POLDER.
LOOK ON PAGE 282

3. BUILD EARTHEN DAMS AROUND A SHALLOW AREA OF SEA AND PUMP THE AREA DRY.
STEPS ONE AND TWO:
BUILD EARTHEN DAMS AROUND A SHALLOW AREA OF SEA AND PUMP THE AREA DRY.

4. STEP THREE: ALLOW THE LAND TO DRY AND RAINS TO WASH AWAY THE SALT RESIDUE.

5. STEP FOUR: THE LAND IS PLANTED FOR CROPS, ESPECIALLY DUTCH TULIPS

6. TRANSFORMING THE SEA
The Dutch have also changed the Zuider Zee, formerly a saltwater inlet into a freshwater lake, Lake Ijsselmeer, by creating polders and blocking the access to the sea.

7. VENICE VENICE IS A CITY OF 120 ISLANDS CONNECTED BY CANALS.
THERE ARE NO STREETS AND NO CARS, TRUCKS, OR TRAINS.
BECAUSE OF ITS LOCATION ON THE ADRIATIC SEA, VENICE BECAME A TRADING CENTER AND GREW RAPIDLY.

9. VENICE VENICE’S CANALS
VENICE, ITALY IS A SERIES OF ISLANDS CONNECTED BY CANALS.
ITS LOCATION
ON THE ADRIATIC SEA HELPED IT
BECOME A TRADING CENTER.
VENICE’S CANALS

10. THE WEIGHT OF THE BUILDINGS HAS CAUSED THE CITY TO GRADUALLY
SINK.
DURING THE HIGH TIDES, THE WATER FLOODS HOTELS AND HOUSES.

11. ST. MARK’S SQUARE DURING “AQUA ALTA”

12. ONE SOLUTION IS TO CONSTRUCT A DAM THAT IS ACTIVATED BY THE TIDAL SURGES.

13. DEFORESTATION

14. The Black Forest in Germany in an artist’s drawing of what a portion looked like 1000 years ago The same region in the Black Forest today

15. LOOK ON PAGE 285 WHAT ARE THE CAUSES OF DEFORESTATION IN EUROPE?
WHAT EFFECTS DOES DEFORESTATION HAVE ON THE ENVIRONMENT?
WHICH AREAS OF EUROPE HAVE BEEN MOST SEVERELY AFFECTED BY DEFORESTATION?