1. KABI NAZRUL COLLEGE MURARAI :: BIRBHUM
Dr. Jafor Ali Akhan (Principal)
TOPIC – MOTIVATION
Discussion outline
Theories of Motivation

2. 1. Introduction
When human organizations were established people had tried to find out the answer to what motivated people maximum. The satisfactory and generalized answer is yet to be found out. Right from the very beginning, when F.W Taylor gave the concept of scientific management and more particularly differential piece rate system for mentioning workers, many researches and managers in the field have given their various on the subject.

3. 1. Introduction
Many new researches are being carried on a motivation; they all emphasize that due to complex nature of human being no generalization is possible. Moreover, the findings of research studies and theories are not universally applicable and these are affected by time, countries and circumstances. In this concept, it is imperative to have knowledge about various theories of motivation and how these affect the behavior of human beings.

4. 2. Motivational Theories
Traditional Theory and
Modern Theory

5. 3. Traditional theories of motivations.
Monistic reward approval
Fear and Punishment Approach
Carrot and stick Approach

6. 4. Modern theories of Motivation Maslows need hierarchy theory of Motivation
The behavior of an individual at a particular moment is usually determined by his strongest need. Psychologist claim that needs nave a certain priority. As the more basic needs are satisfied, an individual seeks the higher needs.

7. 4. Modern theories of Motivation Maslows need hierarchy theory of Motivation
If his basic needs should be postponed. A.H Maslow, a famous social scientist, has given a framework that helps to explain the strength of a certain needs. According to him, there seems to be a hierarchy into which human needs are arranged.
Physiological Needs;
Safety and security Needs;
Social Needs;
Esteem Needs;
Self actualization needs.

8. Maslows need hierarchy theory of Motivation
This can be depicted by the following diagram
Self
actualization
needs
Esteem Needs
Social Needs
Safety and security Needs
Physiological Needs

9. 5. Assumptions of Maslow’s Need Hierarchy Theory of Motivation
It is true that man in continuously wanting. His all needs are never fully satisfied;
Human needs can be arranged at a series of level on the basis of their importance;
Human beings attempt to satisfy their basic needs first which are lying on the lower level;
Relative satisfaction of one category needs gives rise to another level of needs and this process continues till the last level;
Satisfied needs can no longer as motivator of behavior.
All the human needs are independent;
The efficient manager should anticipated each employees need profile.

10. 6. Criticisms of Maslow’s Need Hierarchy Theory of Motivation
Opinion divergence with regard to movement in need hierarchy;
Varying dominant motivate force;
Lack of cause and effect relation;
Subjectivity with regard to satisfaction level;
Difficult to generalize.

11. 6. Criticisms of Maslow’s Need Hierarchy Theory of Motivation
Opinion divergence with regard to movement in need hierarchy
Varying dominant motivate force;
Lack of cause and effect relation;
Subjectivity with regard to satisfaction level;
Difficult to generalize

12. 7.Conclusion
There are some basic problems involved in the application of Malow’s Need hierarchy model. At every level point, it can be seen that the role of individual is very important. Since individuals differ, it may not be quite possible to prescribed one standard action for solving motivational problems of all persons, rather, a contingency approach has to be applied.
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