1. Obesity in Today’s Society

2. Background/ Definition
Excessive storage of fat
BMI [ weight (kg)/ height (m)]
Historically associated with attractiveness, strength and fertility
Now, regarded as unattractive and rarely positively represented
Major health problem that rivals smoking as a cause of illness and premature death

3. Variables fruit and vegetable consumption level of physical activity
Since there are many reasons why people can be obese, I have decided to analyze the following variables:
fruit and vegetable consumption
level of physical activity
household income
marital status (adults)
educational attainment (adults)
weekly hours of screening time (children)

4. Section 1: Transition Thesis :
“Once people are overweight, they are more likely to pack on even more kilos than they are to take them off”
Transition of people from overweight to obese over an 8 year period (longitudinal data) of people aged 20 to 56
Thesis :
1/3 of those who began overweight would become obese
Men in their forties and women in their thirties will be the most likely to transition
Women will overall be the most likely to make the transition to obese

5. Transition to Obesity increase a total of 15 percent in 8 years
biggest increase (6%) occurring between 1996/97 and 1998/99
increase in percentage that is obese decreases by one percent every two years

6. Transition to Obesity
Females demonstrated a higher percentage of transition (28%) and a greater overall increase of 18%
Males had a 12% increase

7. Transition to Obesity
In both graphs the data is skewed left which means that mean (16) <median (16.5) <mode (N/A)
a trend is present in the data which allows us to make predictions for future years
estimate the total percentage that would be obese in the years 2004/05, 26% of the population would be obese

8. Transition to Obesity
20 to 29 was the age group with the highest ratio for both males and females
50 to 56 was the age group with the lowest hazard ratio for both genders
males in general had higher ratios
each gender is skewed right (mode<median<mean)

9. Conclusions: Transition
Females are more likely than males to transition from overweight to obese
males aged 20 to 29 had the highest hazard ratio
the percentage of people who are overweight who become obese is increasing every year and will continue to increase until changes are made within their lifestyles

10. Section 2 : Adults Thesis:
“Obesity results when people consume far more calories than they use. This imbalance has been attributed to a variety of factors that characterize modern life; fast food, growing portion sizes, a sedentary lifestyle, and suburban designs that tend to discourage walking.”
Thesis:
females will have a higher percentage that is obese compared to males
males over 45 and females over 35 are the most likely to become obese
sharp increase in the obesity rate of adults in the past few years
factors I believe to have the most influence on weight are the amount of physical activity they perform and to which social-economical status

11. Adult Obesity
both years have the same highest (55 to 64) and lowest (18 to 24) age groups
once they reached their highest percentage, the next age group has that same percentage as well
2004 remains an average of 9.3 % above 1978/79

12. Adult Obesity
the highest (55 to 64) and lowest (18 to 24) percentages are the same for both genders
both decrease after the age group of 55 to 64
first 3 age groups gradually increase for females, the last 3 age groups decrease for the males
no distinct trend for either gender

13. Adult Obesity
Both genders have the same trend and decreases overall by 7%
Females, however, are generally 1% higher than males
skewed right
sedentary has the highest percentage (27%) that is obese
females’ data is skewed left; males do not seem to have a distinct distribution pattern

14. Adult Obesity
lowest percentage (widowed; 17%) for males is the highest percentage (30%) for females
lowest percentage for females (23%) were married
highest percentage for males (29%) were never married
highest percentage (less than secondary graduation) and lowest percentage (postsecondary graduation)
Females are an average (mean) of 4.25 percent above the males
males have a skewed right distribution

15. Adult Obesity
Females have a normal distribution and a standard deviation of 5.6
Males have a skewed left distribution if the outlier is disregarded.

16. Conclusions: Adults
In 25 years, the obesity rate was increased a total of 9.3% or an average of 0.4% a year
The highest percentage of the population that are obese are females and anyone between the ages of 55 and 64
Fruit and vegetable consumption and leisure-time physical activity are the variables which show the most correlation with obesity

17. Section 3: Child/Youth Thesis:
“Over the past 25 years, the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents has risen, with the most substantial increases observed in economically developed countries.”
Thesis:
males will have a higher obesity rate than the females
sharp increase in child obesity rate in the past 5 years
the age group that is the most susceptible to becoming obese is 12 to 16
only the amount of physical activity will affect their chances of becoming obese

18. Child/Youth Obesity
Data for 2004 is skewed left and always above 1978/79 by an average (mean) of 7%
males are an average of 1.5% above the females
2004 is an average of 4.5% above 1978/79

19. Child/Youth Obesity graph is skewed right decreases a total of 3.8%
On average, the percentage that is obese decreases 1.9% with each category
clear distribution and trend

20. Child/Youth Obesity
Males in this section are an average of 5.05% above females
For males, sedentary physical activity is above Active/ Moderately active by 4.45%
male and female data is skewed-left
20 to less than 30 hours a week or 30 or more hours a week have the highest percentages (11.2%)
lowest percentage was 10 to less than 20 hours with 6.6%

21. Child/Youth Obesity
Low and high household incomes have the lowest percentage (6%)
Lower-middle/ Middle/ Upper-middle is 4% higher
normal distribution and a standard deviation of 2.03
graph inaccurate

22. Conclusions: Child/Youth
2004 was increased a total of 21% since 1978/79 or 0.84% a year
males generally have a higher percentage of their population that is obese
children aged 12 to 17 have the highest percentage of their population that is obese
like adult obesity, fruit and vegetable consumption as well as the amount of leisure-time physical activity are the only variables that show any correlation with obesity rates

23. Section 4: Geography Thesis:
Canada and the U.S. will have some of the highest obesity rates in the world
U.S. will have a higher obesity rate than Canada
Ontario and Quebec will be the Canadian provinces with the highest obesity rates
People who live in cities will be more prone to becoming obese

24. Conclusions: Geography
United States has the highest percentage of population that is obese (36%)
Korea has the lowest percentage of their population that is obese (3.2%)
Newfoundland and Labrador has the highest percentage obese (child and adult)
Ontario and Quebec are generally the lowest
Those living in a CMA are less likely to become obese than the population not residing in CMAs

25. Thank You !! References All graphs used, and quotes
Thank You !!