Building Reach Codes Advancing safer, healthier and more affordable buildings Reach Code Basics Building Model Codes EV Model Codes City Actions GHG Emissions.

Building Reach Codes Advancing safer, healthier and more affordable buildings Reach Code Basics Building Model Codes EV Model Codes City Actions GHG Emissions Savings

Revision History DATE BY EDITS Aug 1 B.H. Version 1
Aug 28 R.R. Corrected EV reference in summary (MUD EV Ready for all units not “spaces”), added subtitle sections and reordered building slides for clarity, added infographic and UC study cost info, slide 6: clarified language, slide 20: added “2019” to column, slide 33: removed confusing reference to “EV Capable being more extensive”, other minor fmt

I. Reach Code Introductory Slides
What are Reach Codes Benefits Model Code Summary Partners for project Timeline

What are Reach Codes? Local enhancements to state code
Adopted with current building code cycle Current PCE initiative aimed at improved economic and energy performance Addresses: Building electrification – reduced use of natural gas (methane) and associated emissions Electric vehicle (EV) charging – increased EV readiness

Benefits of Reach Codes
Major economic value for residents now and prevents expensive future retrofits Safer and healthier homes – no combustion Enables greater EV adoption Fiscal prudence – more cost effective to address at new construction Advance climate goals Reduced fueling costs for residents By 2025 approximately 45,000 EVs in SM Co EV savings over gas car $1,200+/year Reduced capital expenses 25,000 new housing units EV Reach Code <$1.5k/unit at new construction $7k/unit for retrofit

Model Code Summary Code Element Approach Building Electrification
Provides 2 tracks for developers: All-Electric or Mixed-Fuel All-Electric (preferred) is less expensive, delivers more benefit Mixed-Fuel allows natural gas but has higher efficiency requirements Details vary by building segment Electric Vehicle Readiness Provides “plug and play” access to vehicle charging Single family: Level 2 (dryer outlet power) and Level 1 (standard 110v outlet) Multi-unit dwellings: one “EV Ready” space per unit* Office: 10% Level 2, 10% Level 1, and 30% EV Capable Other Commercial: 6% Level 2 installed and 5% Level 1 installed PCE will provide funding support for affordable housing to address EV measures

Project Partners Lead consultant Technical support
Facilitation support Regional partner Cost benefit approvals

Last September, Everything Changed
SB-100 All electricity is carbon free by 2045 Executive Order B-55-18 Carbon neutral by 2045

August through October
Reach Code Timeline Date/Timeframe Activity Dec. 2018 PCE, SVCE and County of San Mateo initiate reach code initiative January Reach Code kickoff event for city staff February Statewide Cost-Effectiveness study March Building Reach Code Workshops April 11 and 24 Draft Model Reach Codes Measures available April & May City-specific stakeholder engagements 15-May Last input into model code measures June Model reach code language shared June through August Outreach and adoption technical assistance July through October City Councils vote on desired reach codes (depends on City’s workplan) August through October Submit Code Packet for CEC approval January 1, 2020 Potential for reach code to go into effect at the same time as state code update Opportunities to adopt reach code throughout three year code cycle, PCE and County to provide training and support for code implementation

Guiding Principles for Reach Codes
Preserve a low cost compliance option to minimize impact on construction costs Encourage development of healthier, safer, lower emission buildings Reflect the values of our community Leaders in EV, solar and battery adoption rates nationwide TRC

Key Terms All-Electric - buildings using electricity for space and water heating systems Mixed Fuel – buildings using natural gas for space and water heating systems Compliance Margin – how much more energy efficient than code minimum can be done in a cost effective manner, typically expressed as a percentage (e.g. 5% compliance margin) Performance Pathway – exceed code by a certain compliance margin using CEC-approved modeling software (e.g. 5%) Prescriptive Pathway – exceed code by including a list of specific cost-effective measures (e.g. drain heat recovery or batteries), see appendix for examples. Climate Zone – San Mateo county is located within Climate Zone 3. Santa Clara county is mostly Climate Zone 4, with a small portion in Climate Zone 3. TRC

II. Building Model Code Details
Cost and GHG Comparisons 2019 T24 Code basics EDR Prescriptive vs Performance Pathways Building Model Code Language

University of California- All-Electric New Construction
UC Carbon Neutral Buildings Cost Study. June 23, 2017 2017 Study

Sources: Costs of electrification – Residential Building Electrification in California, E3 Annual Energy Use & Generation – Building energy simulation performed by DNV GL

Why a Reach Code? What if new buildings and vehicles were powered by clean electricity during this 3-year code cycle? Sq Ft CO2 per year Units per year Years in Service Years in Code Cycle Total Avoided CO2* Single Family 2,700 2 tons X 100 50 3 = 30,000 tons Multi-Family 1,000 1 ton 10,000 1,500,000 tons Office 100,000 120 tons 20 30 2,160,000 tons TRC 15,000 vehicles off the road=750,000 tons 50 tons per vehicle Single family: 6,000 vehicles Multifamily: 300,000 vehicles not on the road Office: 430,000 vehicles off the road Miles per Year CO2 per year EV’s added per year Years in Service Years in Code Cycle Total Avoided CO2 Car 12,000 5 tons X 5,000 10 3 = 750,000 tons *CO2 impacts reflect carbon-free electricity, currently met by SVCE while PCE’s goal is GHG free by 2021

GHG Comparison Mixed fuel / All electric 2017 / All Electric 2030 grid

2019 State Code Basics (Title 24 Chapter 6)

What’s already included in the 2019 Code
Residential Non-Res Performance Compliance Margin Energy Design Rating (EDR) Percentage Solar Photovoltaics (PV) Installation Sized to offset annual kWh consumption of mixed-fuel n/a Electric-ready 120V/20A for future electric water heater installation Prewiring of all homes for future electric heat water heater Solar PV sized to cover the electric loads associated with a mixed-fuel home Use of Energy Design Rating (EDR) for all residential energy models A minimum quantity, level, and readiness of EV charging infrastructure for residential, multi-family, and non-residential building types. TRC

What is EDR? In California codes have shifted from what was being called zero net energy to the Energy Design Rating, or “EDR”. EDR allows for a range of energy performance, rather than simply targeting zero, as in Zero Net Energy. The EDR measurement is the sum of an efficiency score and an overall score. The efficiency score is based on measures such as insulation, windows, and envelope efficiency. The overall score factors in things like onsite renewable energy and fuel sources. A building with a score of zero (or less) has maximized energy efficiency and most likely added on-site renewable generation such as rooftop solar. An EDR of Zero is equal to Zero Net Energy or Zero Energy. Zero or less is most easily achieved by an all- electric building design. A higher EDR score would indicate a less efficient building.

Options are formatted in green highlights
Mandatory + Reach Code Options for New Construction, Additions, Alterations Item 2019 Code Reads Reach Code Reads Water Heating 120V/20A circuit 240V/30A circuit* Condensate drain Clothes Drying - 240V/40A circuit* Cooking 240V/50A circuit* Space Conditioning Optional add-on to Reach Code Location/design addressing air source and footprint 240V/30A circuit* *or adequate capacity Reach Code Optional Requirements TRC Item Reach Code Option Solar (PV) installed Require PV (non-residential only) Performance documentation Encourage building simulation and compliance forms by certified energy analysts (must include definition of what meets certified standard)

Building Electrification Reach Codes by Building Type
Performance and Prescriptive Paths

Buildings Pathways: Performance or Prescriptive
Compliance Margin(s) equal to or better than Title 24 code for buildings based on fuel types What is required for All-Electric Buildings (ex. 0% better than T24) What is required for Mixed Fuel Buildings (ex. Reach code 10% better than T24) Pathways for a builder to meet certain EDR requirements Performance – use modeling software to show the proposed building meets or exceeds the compliance margin (%) established in the reach code, OR Prescriptive – install from a list of specific technologies as defined within the reach code TRC

Single and Two-family New Construction
Performance Path Prescriptive Path 1. All Electric. Demonstrate that the proposed home will be all electric, OR Build All Electric. Meet 2019 Title 24 Part 6. 2. Mixed Fuel Building. Proposed Design Building shall be at least 10 EDR points less than the Total Energy Design Rating calculated for the Standard Design Building, OR Mixed Fuel Building a. Low leakage ducts b. R-10 perimeter slab insulation c. Compact hot water distribution d. Fan efficacy of 0.35 Watts/cfm e. Either 1) 5 kWh battery OR 2) A solar water heating system. 2A. Electrically Heated Building (electric space and water heating, gas cooking and/or clothes drying). Proposed Design Building shall be at least 2 EDR points less than the Energy Efficiency Design Rating calculated for the Standard Design Building, OR Electrically Heating Building a. Low leakage ducts. b. R-10 perimeter slab insulation. c. Compact hot water distribution. d. Fan efficacy of 0.35 Watts/cfm. 1 + 2 OR Suggest #1 AND #2. Option to do #1, #2, and #3 Option to not have a prescriptive path for mixed-fuel buildings. Option #3 would require a more in-depth review to enforce A “Menu options” are formatted with green highlights

Multifamily New Construction (≤3 stories)
Performance Path Prescriptive Path 1. All Electric. Demonstrate that the proposed home will be all electric, OR Build All-Electric and Meet 2019 Title 24 Part 6. 2. Mixed Fuel Building. Proposed Design Building shall be at least 10 EDR points less than the Total Energy Design Rating calculated for the Standard Design Building, OR Mixed Fuel Building a. low leakage ducts in conditioned space b ASR cool roof c. R-10 slab insulation d. compact Hot Water distribution e W/cfm HVAC fan d. Either 1) 2.75 kWh battery/dwelling OR 2) A solar water heating system. 2A. Electrically Heated Building (electric space and water heating, gas cooking and/or clothes drying). Proposed Design Building shall be less than the Energy Efficiency Design Rating calculated for the Standard Design Building Electrically Heated Building Meet 2019 Title 24 Part 6 1 + 2 OR Suggest #1 AND #2. We found not a lot of EDR improvements of MF building Option #2 AND #3 Option to not have a prescriptive path for mixed-fuel buildings. Option #3 would require a more in-depth review to enforce A “Menu options” are formatted with green highlights

Nonresidential Performance Path Prescriptive Path 1 + 2 OR 1 + 2 + 2A
1. All Electric. Demonstrate that the proposed building will be all electric, OR Build All Electric and meet 2019 Title 24 Part 6. 2. Mixed Fuel Building, All Occupancies. Demonstrate that the energy use of the proposed building is 9% more efficient than the State Energy Code, OR Mixed Fuel Building a. Fenestration with a solar heat gain coefficient ≥ b. Airflows to be equal to the zone ventilation minimums. c. Economizers in air handlers ≥ 33,000 Btu/h d. Reduced the lighting power density (Watts/ft2) by ten percent (10%) e. In common areas, improve lighting: 1) Daylight dimming plus off AND 2) Institutional Tuning f. Install drain water heat recovery. 2A. Mixed Fuel Building, Office and Mercantile. Demonstrate that the energy use of the proposed building is 15% more efficient than the 2019 State Energy Code Mixed Fuel Building a. Fenestration with a solar heat gain coefficient ≥ b. E/W fenestration area is < ½ of the N/S fenestration. c. Airflows to be equal to the zone ventilation minimums. d. Economizers in air handlers ≥ 33,000 Btu/h e. Reduced the lighting Watts/ft2 by 10% f. Improve lighting: 1) Daylight dimming plus off AND 2) Institutional Tuning AND 3) Occupant sensing in open plan offices 1 + 2 OR Suggest #1 AND #2. Option to do #1, #2, and #3 Option to not have a prescriptive path for mixed-fuel buildings. Option #3 would require a more in-depth review to enforce A

Option 2 (Higher Efficiency)
Residential : Single Family Select Option 1 or Option 2 to be paired with the Electric Pathway Electric Pathway + Mixed Fuel Option 1 or Option 2 (Higher Efficiency) Compliance Margin 0% 17% (CZ3) 14% (CZ4) 29% (CZ3) 25% (CZ4) Estimated Increased* Construction Cost $0 $ 6,800 (CZ3) $ 6,800 (CZ4) $10,000 (CZ3) $10,000 (CZ4) Emissions Penalty +60% (CZ3) +70% (CZ4) +50% (CZ3) +50% (CZ4) Indoor Air Quality Best Worst Modest Equipment Utilized All Electric appliances and systems, no CO monitor Gas connection, gas meter, gas furnace and water heater. CO monitor required, enhanced energy efficiency. Plus electrical wiring to all gas appliances Same as Mixed Fuel Option 1, plus Batteries or Solar Thermal (or equivalent) TRC * Based on 2,000 sq ft house

Residential : Multi-Family Select Option 1 or Option 2 to be paired with the Electric Pathway Electric Pathway + Mixed Fuel Option 1 or Option 2 (Higher Efficiency) Compliance Margin 0% 5% (CZ3) 8% (CZ4) 10% (CZ3) 15% (CZ4) Estimated Increased Construction Cost $0 +$2,500 (CZ3) +$2,650 (CZ4) +$4,200 (CZ3) +$4,350 (CZ4) Emissions Penalty +62% (CZ3) +62% (CZ4) +46% (CZ3) +46% (CZ4) Indoor Air Quality Best Worst Modest Equipment Utilized All Electric appliances and systems, no CO monitor Gas connection, gas meter, gas furnace and water heater. CO monitor required, enhanced energy efficiency. Plus electrical wiring to all gas appliances for future switch to electric Same as Mixed Fuel Option 1, plus Batteries or Solar Thermal (or equivalent) TRC

Non-Res : Office/Retail Select Option 1 or Option 2 to be paired with the Electric Pathway Electric Pathway + Mixed Fuel Option 1 or Option 2 (Higher Efficiency) Compliance Margin 0% 5% 15% (CZ3) 14% (CZ4) Estimated Increased* Construction Cost $0 +$50,000 (CZ3) +$45,500 (CZ4) +$68,000 (CZ3) +$71,000 (CZ4) Emissions Penalty +62% (CZ3) +62% (CZ4) +46% (CZ3) +46% (CZ4) Indoor Air Quality Best Worst Modest Equipment Used All Electric appliances and systems. Gas connection, gas meter, gas furnace and water heater. CO monitor required, enhanced energy efficiency. Plus electrical wiring to all gas appliances for future switch to electric Gas connection, gas meter, gas furnace and water heater. CO monitor required, enhanced energy efficiency. Plus electrical wiring to all gas appliances for future switch to electric. TRC * For a building of similar size as modeled

EVCI Cost Retrofit vs. New Terms and Rates Codes
III. EV Model Codes EVCI Cost Retrofit vs. New Terms and Rates Codes

EVCI – Cost of New vs Retrofit
Investing in EV infrastructure during new construction saves % of costs compared to retrofitting it later. Build it and they will Come EV Ready EV Capable EV Ready EV Capable EV Ready EV Capable

Key Terms: EV Infrastructure
EV Terms, Charge Rates Key Terms: EV Infrastructure Level 1 “Trickle Charging” Standard household outlet Amp, 120v AC Driving distance provided: 3-4 miles/hour Level 2 “Standard Charging” Equivalent to a dryer outlet. 40+ Amp, 208/240v AC Driving distance provided (standard charging): miles/hour Language in (…..) is the common term for the regulatory/ legal “code” word before. Level 3 “DC Fast Charging / SuperCharging” 24-350kW Driving distance provided 72-1,200 miles/hour

EV Terms, Readiness of Charging Station Key Terms: EV Infrastructure
EV Capable - Some Assembly Required Panel capacity, raceway (conduit) only at critical areas (underground, pinch points, etc.) Definition is less stringent than CALGreen 2019 EV Ready - Plug & Play Panel capacity, raceway (conduit), overcurrent protection device (breaker), wire, receptacle & signage. Can refer to Level 1 or Level 2 ELECTRIC VEHICLE OUTLET Yellow differentiating components of “EV Ready” Language in (…..) is the common term for the regulatory/ legal “code” word before. EV Charging Station (EVCS) - Level 2 Charge! Charging station fully installed. All the equipment needed to deliver electrical energy from an electricity source to the EV at Level 2

Single and Two-family New Construction
2016 CALGreen 2019 CALGreen PCE/SVCE Proposed Mandatory Single Family Two-Family Townhome (1) Level 2 EV Capable for one parking space per dwelling unit 2 EV spaces total: 1 Level 2 EV Ready circuit 1 Level 1 EV Ready circuit ELECTRIC VEHICLE OUTLET

Multifamily New Construction
ELECTRIC VEHICLE OUTLET Multifamily New Construction 2016 CALGreen 2019 CALGreen PCE/SVCE Proposed Mandatory Multi-Family 3% 10% 25% 100% 75% ≤20 dwelling units >20 dwelling units 3% Level 2 EV Capable for buildings with ≥17 units 10% Level 2 EV Capable ≤20 units: One Level 2 EV Ready per dwelling >20 units: Of all dwelling units, 25% Level 2 EV Ready (10% in affordable housing) 75% are Level 1 EV Ready (90% in affordable housing)

Non-Residential, Office & Commercial
ELECTRIC VEHICLE OUTLET 2016 CALGreen 2019 CALGreen PCE/SVCE Proposed Mandatory Non-Residential Commercial: Of all parking spaces, 6% Level 2 EVSE 5% Level 1 EV Ready Office building: 10% Level 2 EVSE 10% Level 1 EV Ready 30% EV Capable or EV Ready 6% Level 2 EV Capable (for buildings with at least 10 parking spaces) Over 100 spaces: option for 80kW DC Fast Charger per 100 spaces

IV. City Actions What steps to take What are other cities doing
Outreach Materials & Tools Contacts

Action for City XXX City Manager to submit Letter of Intent for $10,000 grant for reach code adoption and implementation support Direct staff to review materials, meet with consultants, and work on customizing model code language Calendar Council review and action

Participation to-date by Agency

Implementation & Adoption Resources
Resources & Tools in Development Case Studies Website Homeowner Flyer FAQs Trainings Cost Effectiveness Presentation Tool Carbon Emissions Savings Ordinance Language, Staff Report PPTs

Building staff/permit Tools & Resources
Permitting, enforcement, and inspection resources Permit Checklist Inspection Checklist Training for Building Department Staff FAQs

V. GHG Emission Reductions

2,100 Square Foot Single Family Home
Key Takeaways High carbon savings of electrification This improves with time, looking to 2030 If gas leaks are considered, mixed fuel emissions increase

2,700 Square Foot Single Family Home

6,960 Square Foot Multi-Family Home

Office

Retail

Contact Website: www.PeninsulaReachCodes.org Contact: Rafael Reyes
Director of Energy Programs (650) Rachael Londer, Resource Conservation Specialist County of San Mateo (650)

Thank you!

Building Reach Codes Advancing safer, healthier and more affordable buildings Reach Code Basics Building Model Codes EV Model Codes City Actions GHG Emissions.

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Building Reach Codes Advancing safer, healthier and more affordable buildings Reach Code Basics Building Model Codes EV Model Codes City Actions GHG Emissions.

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