1. Energy and thermodynamics review

2. What is conduction?
Heat transfers from solid to solid through contact

3. At what point is PE the lowest?
At three because it has no height, or the least amount of height.

4. What is mechanical energy?
Sum of potential and Kenetic

5. Provide an example of second law of thermodynamics
Entropy law a structured ice cube melts into less structured liquid and at high temps even less structured gas.

6. At what point is KE the lowest?
At one because it has a lot of hight and no motion

7. What is Kinetic energy?
Energy of motion

8. Provide an example of first law of thermodynamics?
Energy is not created or destroyed just changed.
In a pendulum it might start with potential then decrease from PE to KE which is mechanical energy.

9. What is the 3rd law of thermodynamics? Explain.
The absolute zero law. 0K all particle motion would stop

10. At what point is PE the highest?
AT 1 because it has the most hightt

11. What is convection?
Heat transfer through gas and liquids

12. Photosynthesis is an example of what energy transformation?
Plants use light energy transferred chemical energy.

13. At what point is KE the highest?
KE is highest at 3 because it is at the lowest point and all PE from point 1 has been converted to KE at point 3. This is the law of conservation of energy.

14. What is radiation?
Heat transfer through electromagnetic waves. It does not need a medium ( a substance) to travel through. It can travel through the vacuum of space.

15. What is potential energy?
Energy due to position. The higher an object is the greater the gravitational PE it will have.

16. What is the zeroth law of thermodynamics? Explain it.
The equilibrium law. Equal temperatures. No net energy transfer.

17. What happens to molecular energy as temperature rises?
The energy increases. When heat is added to a substance the molecules move around more. They have more kinetic energy.

18. What is specific heat?
The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature one degree.

19. How would you describe the energy at point II
Half the PE from point 1 has been converted to KE (KE + PE = ME)

20. The phase of matter depends on the ____________________ of the molecules.
Motion or kinetic energy. Lots of motion = gas, little motion = solid

21. When you step out of the shower, you step onto a bathmat instead of the tile floor, why?
The bathmat is a poor conductor so it does not absorb heat from your feet very well while the tile floor is a good conductor so it absorbs the heat from your feet fast which feels cold to you.

22. Explain the energy conversions occurring in a sling shot.
You start with elastic potential energy as you pull the elastic sling shot back and when you release it is converted to KE

23. Explain the energy conversions occurring in fire works.
Chemical to thermal, light, heat, sound, & KE

24. Explain the energy conversions occurring in a flashlight shined on a solar powered calculator.
The flashlight uses a battery (chemical energy) to light energy

25. Explain the energy conversions occurring while consuming food.
You could say chewing is kinetic or even mechanical since you jaw is going up and down to chemical energy ( of food) to the energy you use to move around.

26. How would you describe the energy at point IV?
It is ME because it has some PE and some KE

27. Explain the energy conversions occurring while laying on the beach.
Light energy from the sun to thermal on your skin warming you up

28. Explain the energy conversion of a pendulum.KE

29. What is entropy?
Disorder, less structure

30. Which state of matter has the highest entropy?
Gas because its molecules are not structured

31. Explain the difference between heat and temperature: Heat is the transfer of energy from high concentration to low concentration. Temperature is the measure of heat or KE of molecules.

32. What is the formula for heat and its variables.