1. Aim: How can we understand new uses of the accusative case?

2. Puer totam noctem ambulavit.
Look at these sentences and explain how the accusative case is used in each example:
Puer canem ambulavit.
Puer totam noctem ambulavit.
Puer quattuor milia passuum (miles) ambulavit.
Can you explain how the accusative case is used differently in each example?

3. These accusative uses are called:
1. direct object
2. extent of time
3. extent of space

4. 3. Septem milia passuum iter feci.
Further examples. Translate these sentences and tell which use of the accusative case is in each (direct object, extent of space, extent of time):
1. Avaritia mentem regis delevit.
Greed destroyed the mind of the king. Direct object
2. Octo annos senex in urbe habitabat.
The old man lived in the city for eight years. Extent of time
3. Septem milia passuum iter feci.
I made a journey of seven miles. Extent of space
Vocabulary:
avaritia – greed iter - journey
deleo – destroy
Senex – old man

5. 1. Ulixes decem annos per multas terras errabat.
Ablative case is also used to express time. So what is the difference? Look at these sentences and try to figure it out (accusative and ablative cases are in boldface):
1. Ulixes decem annos per multas terras errabat.
Ulysses wandered for ten years through many lands.
2. Tres dies apud meum amicum manebam; heri tamen tertia hora inde discessi.
For three days I stayed at my friend’s house; yesterday however I left from there at the third hour.
3. Paucis diebus Marcus ad urbem ambulabit.
In a few days Marcus will walk to the city.
Have students explain the different uses here! Have them figure out the two different types of time expressed by the ablative.