1. Ultrasound of the Adrenal Glands
Wendy Blount, DVM
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2. Patient Preparation Fast for 12 hours
Urine filled bladder provides acoustic window
Place in dorsal recumbency
Lateral recumbency for:
Compromised or deep chested patients
Standing/sternal may be necessary for patients with large abdominal masses
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3. Transition Adjustments
Depth – usually no changes from abdominal presets
Frequency – varies MHz
May need higher frequency for smaller pets
For the best detail, the highest frequency that will penetrate to the adrenals should be used
Gain and Contrast – may need to increase gain when moving from bladder to prostate
TGC – adjust as needed
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4. Landmarks for Repro Ultrasound
Prostate - caudal to the bladder, surrounding proximal urethra
Cryptorchid Testicles
Abdominal - as far cranially as the caudal kidney pole, as far caudally as the internal inguinal ring
or in the inguinal canal
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5. Image Views Prostate (2) Trans-rectal? Testicles (2 each)
Long Axis (sagittal)
Short Axis (transverse)
Trans-rectal?
Testicles (2 each)
Long Axis (sagittal)
Short Axis (transverse)
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6. Image Views Uterine Body (2) - at urinary bladder Ovaries (1-2 each)
Long Axis (sagittal)
Short Axis (transverse)
Ovaries (1-2 each)
Short Axis (transverse) if enlarged
Prostate (2)
Testicles (2 each)
Long Axis (sagittal)
Short Axis (transverse)
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7. Scanning
the Prostate
Sagittal

8. Scanning
the Prostate
Sagittal

9. Scanning
the Prostate
Sagittal

10. Scanning
the Prostate
Sagittal

11. Scanning
the Prostate
Sagittal

12. Scanning
the Prostate
Sagittal

13. Scanning
the Prostate
Sagittal

14. Scanning
the Prostate
Sagittal

15. Scanning
the Prostate
Sagittal

16. Scanning
the Prostate
normal prostate
Sagittal

17. Scanning
the Prostate
Transverse

18. Scanning
the Prostate
Transverse

19. Scanning
the Prostate
Transverse

20. Scanning
the Prostate
Transverse
“Butterfly”

21. Scanning
the Testicle
Testicles
From
Lateral

22. Scanning
the Testicle
Cryptorchid
Transverse
Scanning Right

23. Scanning
the Testicle
Cryptorchid
Transverse
Scanning Right

24. Scanning
the Testicle
Cryptorchid
Transverse
Scanning Right

25. Scanning
the Testicle
Cryptorchid
Transverse
Scanning Right

26. Scanning
the Testicle
Cryptorchid
Transverse
Scanning Right

27. Scanning
the Testicle
Cryptorchid
Transverse
Scanning Right

28. Scanning
the Testicle
Cryptorchid
Transverse
Scanning Right

29. Scanning
the Testicle
Cryptorchid
Transverse
Scanning Right

30. Scanning
the Testicle
Cryptorchid
Transverse
Scanning Right

31. Scanning
the Testicle
Cryptorchid
Transverse
Scanning Right

32. Scanning
the Testicle
Cryptorchid
Transverse
Scanning Right

33. Scanning
the Testicle
Cryptorchid
Transverse
Scanning Right

34. Scanning Cryptorchid Sagittal the Testicle Scanning Right
Inguinal testicle
Sagittal
Scanning Right

35. Scanning
the Testicle
Cryptorchid
Transverse
Scanning Right

36. Scanning
the Testicle
Cryptorchid
Transverse
Scanning Left

37. Scanning
the Testicle
Cryptorchid
Transverse
Scanning Left

38. Scanning
the Testicle
Cryptorchid
Transverse
Scanning Left

39. Scanning
the Testicle
Cryptorchid
Transverse
Scanning Left

40. Scanning
the Testicle
Cryptorchid
Transverse
Scanning Left

41. Scanning
the Testicle
Cryptorchid
Transverse
Scanning Left

42. Scanning
the Testicle
Cryptorchid
Transverse
Scanning Left

43. Scanning
the Testicle
Cryptorchid
Transverse
Scanning Left

44. Scanning
the Testicle
Cryptorchid
Transverse
Scanning Left

45. Scanning Cryptorchid Sagittal the Testicle Scanning Left
Abdominal testicle
Sagittal
Scanning Left

46. Scanning
the Testicle
Cryptorchid
Transverse
Scanning Left

47. Scanning
the Testicle
Cryptorchid
Transverse
Scanning Left

48. Acknowledgments Robert Fulton John P. Graham, MVB, MSc, DVR, MRCVS
Chapter 8: Focused or COAST3 – Reproductive Focused Ultrasound Techniques for the Small Animal Practitioner Editor Greg Lisciandro
John P. Graham, MVB, MSc, DVR, MRCVS
Diplomate, ECVDI, Diplomate, ACVR Diagnostic Imaging in Dogs and Cats Nestle Purina – Clinical Handbook Series
Kathy Spaulding, DVM, DACVR
Sonographic Evaluation of the Female Reproductive Tract Atlantic Coast Veterinary Conference, 2013

49. Acknowledgments John Mattoon, Danelle Auld, Thomas Nyland
Chapter 4: Abdominal Ultrasound Scanning Techniques Small Animal Diagnostic Ultrasound Editors Nyland and Mattoon – 3rd Edition 2014
Thomas Nyland, John Mattoon, Eric Herrgesell, Erik Wisner
Chapter 12: Ovaries and Uterus Small Animal Diagnostic Ultrasound Editors Nyland and Mattoon – 3rd Edition 2014
Joann Randall, DVM, DACVT
Gestational Aging Veterinary Information Network – Associate

50. John Mattoon, Thomas Nyland
Acknowledgments
John Mattoon, Thomas Nyland
Chapter 13: Prostate and Testes Small Animal Diagnostic Ultrasound Editors Nyland and Mattoon – 3rd Edition 2014